Introductory scenario A 30-year-old Hispanic woman visits her primary care physi

Question

Introductory scenario A 30-year-old Hispanic woman visits her primary care physician with complaints of fever, joint pain, and a rash on her hands and face. The patient reports that the rash worsens after spending time in the sun. The patient also reports a decrease in energy and appetite. The physician suspects the patient has an autoimmune disease but needs to gather more data to diagnose a specific disease, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or multiple sclerosis. Continue to questions Chapter 15 Autoimmunity

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

1) Which test result would confirm if an autoimmune disease is present?

2) Based on the specific antibodies found in this patient, which autoimmune disease is most likely?

Explanation: Based on the antinuclear antibody (ANA) test the antibodies that were tested positive are:

3) Do the other laboratory findings align with a diagnosis for SLE? - Yes

Other tests like CBC (WBC, RBC, HgB, Hct, Plt), urine analysis are in alignment with a diagnosis for SLE.Anemia is common in SLE. Low values of WBC, HgB, RBC and Plt suggests SLE.  A sizeable proportion of people with lupus develops kidney complications (lupus nephritis) and will therefore have abnormal urinalysis. Presence of leukocyte esterase in urine and nitrites, indicates inflammation of kidney and bladder infection.

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