Anticancer drugs A and B are known to cause kidney cell damage, which limits the

Question

Anticancer drugs A and B are known to cause kidney cell damage, which limits their use in patients. A pharmacologist investigated the mechanism of action of these drugs on cultured kidney cells. He incubated cells with these compounds and measured cell death, caspase 3 activity (measuring apoptosis)relative cell volumes, and the amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH—a cytoplasmic enzyme) released into the media over the cells. His company made Drug C, which he tested alone and in conjunction with the first two drugs. The results are shown in the table.

Which best describes the effects of drug B?

Drug B causes cell shrinking, which leads to cell death.

Drug B causes necrosis in kidney cells.

Drug B induces cell death due to apoptosis.

Drug B prevents the cell damage caused by Drug C.

a)

Drug B causes cell shrinking, which leads to cell death.

b)

Drug B causes necrosis in kidney cells.

c)

Drug B induces cell death due to apoptosis.

d)

Drug B prevents the cell damage caused by Drug C.

Anticancer drugs A and B are known to cause kidney cell damage, which limits their use in patients. A pharmacologist investigated the mechanism of action of these drugs on cultured kidney cells. He incubated cells with these compounds and measured cell death, caspase 3 activity (measuring apoptosis)relative cell volumes, and the amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-a cytoplasmic enzyme) released into the media over the cells. His company made Drug C, which he tested alone and in conjunction with the first two drugs. The results are shown in the table Parameter Control Drug Drug Drug Drugs Drugs A B C A+C B+C % dead cells 5 35 50 4 10 48 Caspase 3 activity (pmol/min/ mg) Relative cell volume 100 50 140 98 90145 5 55 5 6 7.2 5 LDH activity (nmol/min mg) 0.001 0.001 3.0 0.0010.001 3.1 Which best describes the effects of drug B? Drug B causes cell shrinking, which leads to cell death Drug B causes necrosis in kidney cells Drug B induces cell death due to apoptosis Drug B prevents the cell damage caused by Drug C

Explanation / Answer

C) drug b induces cell death due to apoptosis

Drug b increases caspase activity which is responsible for programmed cell death and and controlled tumor cells and we can also say that presence of more amount LDH enzyme is indicator of disease and in above table drug b shows less LDH enzyme than combination of drug b+c by this it can be predicted drug b is effective than combination of drug b+c.

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