1. Discuss, IN DETAIL , the objectives and key points of ADT and contrast its di
ID: 95472 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Discuss, IN DETAIL, the objectives and key points of ADT and contrast its differences with the original planned system that is often referred to as NAIS.
2. Discuss IN DETAIL the various drivers for animal identification and traceability.
3. Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of compliance vs compliance plus?
4. What are ALL of the ISO standards affiliated with low frequency RFID? Hint: There are more than 2. Explain why ISO standards are important?
5. If you were to implement an on farm electronic animal ID system, discuss all of the necessary components that would be needed to accomplish it.
6. Discuss the concern that auction markets have with respect to ADT?
Explanation / Answer
ANSWER:
1)Some animal ID program supporters have criticized USDA for moving too slowly and/or not setting a clearer path toward universal ID. A July 2007 report by the Government Accountability Office (GAO) concluded that a number of problems had hindered effective implementation of animal ID, such as no prioritization among the nine animal species to be covered to focus on those of greatest disease concern; no plan to integrate NAIS into existing USDA and state animal ID requirements; and no requirement that some types of critical data be provided to the databases, such as species or age. USDA’s NAIS Business Plan (2008) was intended to respond to several of the GAO criticisms.
2)Marking animals to know who their owners are is a very ancient practice. Traditional livestock marking systems have existed since time immemorial. They were not generally motivated by health reasons. However, with the progressive intensification of animal production, new tools have been developed to enable animal marking methods to meet a multitude of new needs. Today, animal identification and traceability are important management tools in animal health and food safety. In many countries traceability of live domestic animals and of products of animal origin is a legal requirement.
3)Ferrell and Fraedrich describe two types of ethics programs, compliance and values-based (also known as integrity based). The compliance-based system uses legal terms, training, rules of conduct, and penalties for noncompliance. The values-based system relies upon self-policing and motivation, rather than coercion. “The company’s values are seen as something to which people willingly aspire,” note Ferrell and Fraedrich. Ethicists sometimes refer to these two forms of ethics as the “carrot and stick.” Values-based ethics are a "carrot" that the organization pursues willingly, while compliance-based ethics are a "stick" used to beat ethics into the organization.
4)he ISO RFID standards fall into a number of categories according to the aspect of RFID that they are addressing. These include: air interface and associated protocols; data content and the formatting; conformance testing; applications; and various other smaller areas.
The ISO 18000 series standards is a series of standards that define the air interface for the different RFID frequencies in use around the globe.
5)he National Animal Identification System, (NAIS) is a government-run program in the United States intended to extend government animal health surveillance by identifying and tracking specific animals. Administered at the federal level by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, a branch of the United States Department of Agriculture, NAIS will also be overseen by state animal health boards. While the federal program is voluntary, money received by some states, tribes, and non-profit entities from the USDA through cooperative agreements has been used to make parts or all of the program mandatory.
6)- A key feature of the Animal Disease Traceability (ADT) rule is the USDA has challenges for producers, veterinarians and market personnel.some concern over variation in state requirements regarding the ICVI. Many of the smaller auction facilities, particularly in the East and Southeast.
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