Sodium sulfate is slowly added to a solution containing 0.0500 M Ca2 (aq) and 0.

Question

Sodium sulfate is slowly added to a solution containing 0.0500 M Ca2 (aq) and 0.0200 M Ag (aq). What will be the concentration of Ca2 (aq) when Ag2SO4(s) begins to precipitate? Solubility-product constants, Ksp, can be found here.

[Ca]- ? M

What percentage of the Ca2 (aq) can be precipitated from the Ag (aq) by selective precipitation?

Compound Formula Ksp Aluminium hydroxide Al(OH)3 4.6×10–33 Aluminium phosphate AlPO4 9.84×10–21 Antimony sulfide Sb2S3 1.6×10–93 Arsenic sulfide As2S3 1×10–16 Barium bromate Ba(BrO3)2 2.43×10–4 Barium carbonate BaCO3 2.58×10–9 Barium chromate BaCrO4 1.17×10–10 Barium fluoride BaF2 1.84×10–7 Barium hydroxide octahydrate Ba(OH)2·8H2O 2.55×10–4 Barium iodate Ba(IO3)2 4.01×10–9 Barium iodate monohydrate Ba(IO3)2·H2O 1.67×10–9 Barium molybdate BaMoO4 3.54×10–8 Barium nitrate Ba(NO3)2 4.64×10–3 Barium phosphate Ba3(PO4)2 3.40×10–23 Barium selenate BaSeO4 3.40×10–8 Barium sulfate BaSO4 1.08×10–10 Barium sulfite BaSO3 5.0×10–10 Beryllium hydroxide Be(OH)2 6.92×10–22 Bismuth arsenate BiAsO4 4.43×10–10 Bismuth iodide BiI 7.71×10–19 Cadmium arsenate Cd3(AsO4)2 2.2×10–33 Cadmium carbonate CdCO3 1.0×10–12 Cadmium fluoride CdF2 6.44×10–3 Cadmium hydroxide Cd(OH)2 7.2×10–15 Cadmium iodate Cd(IO3)2 2.5×10–8 Cadmium oxalate trihydrate CdC2O4·3H2O 1.42×10–8 Cadmium phosphate Cd3(PO4)2 2.53×10–33 Cadmium sulfide CdS 1×10–27 Caesium perchlorate CsClO4 3.95×10–3 Caesium periodate CsIO4 5.16×10–6 Calcium carbonate (calcite) CaCO3 3.36×10–9 Calcium carbonate (aragonite) CaCO3 6.0×10–9 Calcium fluoride CaF2 3.45×10–11 Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 5.02×10–6 Calcium iodate Ca(IO3)2 6.47×10–6 Calcium iodate hexahydrate Ca(IO3)2·6H2O 7.10×10–7 Calcium molybdate CaMoO 1.46×10–8 Calcium oxalate monohydrate CaC2O4×H2O 2.32×10–9 Calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 2.07×10–33 Calcium sulfate CaSO4 4.93×10–5 Calcium sulfate dihydrate CaSO4·2H2O 3.14×10–5 Calcium sulfate hemihydrate CaSO4·0.5H2O 3.1×10–7 Chromium(III) hydroxide Cr(OH)3 3×10–29 Cobalt(II) arsenate Co3(AsO4)2 6.80×10–29 Cobalt(II) carbonate CoCO3 1.4×10–13 Cobalt(II) hydroxide (blue) Co(OH)2 5.92×10–15 Cobalt(III) hydroxide Co(OH)3 1.6×10–44 Cobalt(II) iodate dihydrate Co(IO3)2·2H2O 1.21×10–2 Cobalt(II) phosphate Co3(PO4)2 2.05×10–35 Cobalt(II) sulfide CoS 4.0×10–21 Copper(I) bromide CuBr 6.27×10–9 Copper(II) carbonate CuCO3 1.4×10–10 Copper(I) chloride CuCl 1.72×10–7 Copper(I) cyanide CuCN 3.47×10–20 Copper(I) hydroxide CuOH 2×10–15 Copper(I) iodide CuI 1.27×10–12 Copper(I) thiocyanate CuSCN 1.77×10–13 Copper(II) arsenate Cu3(AsO4)2 7.95×10–36 Copper(II) hydroxide Cu(OH)2 1.1×10–15 Copper(II) iodate monohydrate Cu(IO3)2·H2O 6.94×10–8 Copper(II) oxalate CuC2O4 4.43×10–10 Copper(II) phosphate Cu3(PO4)2 1.40×10–37 Copper(II) sulfide CuS 6.3×10–26 Copper(I) sulfide Cu2S 2.5×10–48 Europium(III) hydroxide Eu(OH)3 9.38×10–27 Gallium(III) hydroxide Ga(OH)3 7.28×10–36 Iron(II) carbonate FeCO3 3.13×10–11 Iron(II) fluoride FeF2 2.36×10–6 Iron(II) hydroxide Fe(OH)2 4.87×10–17 Iron(II) sulfide FeS 1.6×10–19 Iron(III) hydroxide Fe(OH)3 2.79×10–39 Iron(III) phosphate dihydrate FePO4·2H2O 9.91×10–16 Lanthanum iodate La(IO3)3 7.50×10–12 Lead(II) bromide PbBr2 6.60×10–6 Lead(II) carbonate PbCO3 7.40×10–14 Lead(II) chloride PbCl2 1.70×10–5 Lead(II) chromate PbCrO4 3×10–13 Lead(II) fluoride PbF2 3.3×10–8 Lead(II) hydroxide Pb(OH)2 1.43×10–20 Lead(II) iodate Pb(IO3)2 3.69×10–13 Lead(II) iodide PbI2 9.8×10–9 Lead(II) oxalate PbC2O4 8.5×10–9 Lead(II) selenate PbSeO4 1.37×10–7 Lead(II) sulfate PbSO4 2.53×10–8 Lead(II) sulfide PbS 8.9×10–29 Lithium carbonate Li2CO3 8.15×10–4 Lithium fluoride LiF 1.84×10–3 Lithium phosphate Li3PO4 2.37×10–4 Magnesium ammonium phosphate MgNH4PO4 3×10–13 Magnesium carbonate MgCO3 6.82×10–6 Magnesium carbonate trihydrate MgCO3·3H2O 2.38×10–6 Magnesium carbonate pentahydrate MgCO3·5H2O 3.79×10–6 Magnesium fluoride MgF2 5.16×10–11 Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 5.61×10–12 Magnesium oxalate dihydrate MgC2O4·2H2O 4.83×10–6 Magnesium phosphate Mg3(PO4)2 1.04×10–24 Manganese(II) carbonate MnCO3 2.24×10–11 Manganese(II) iodate Mn(IO3)2 4.37×10–7 Manganese(II) hydroxide Mn(OH)2 2×10–13 Manganese(II) oxalate dihydrate MnC2O4·2H2O 1.70×10–7 Manganese(II) sulfide MnS 4.6×10–14 Mercury(I) bromide Hg2Br2 6.40×10–23 Mercury(I) carbonate Hg2CO3 3.6×10–17 Mercury(I) chloride Hg2Cl2 1.43×10–18 Mercury(I) fluoride Hg2F2 3.10×10–6 Mercury(I) iodide Hg2I2 5.2×10–29 Mercury(I) oxalate Hg2C2O4 1.75×10–13 Mercury(I) sulfate Hg2SO4 6.5×10–7 Mercury(I) thiocyanate Hg2(SCN)2 3.2×10–20 Mercury(II) bromide HgBr2 6.2×10–20 Mercury(II) hydroxide Hg(OH)2 3.6×10–26 Mercury(II) iodide HgI2 2.9×10–29 Mercury(II) sulfide HgS 4×10–53 Mercury(I) sulfide Hg2S 1.0×10–47 Neodymium carbonate Nd2(CO3)3 1.08×10–33 Nickel(II) carbonate NiCO3 1.42×10–7 Nickel(II) hydroxide Ni(OH)2 5.48×10–16 Nickel(II) iodate Ni(IO3)2 4.71×10–5 Nickel(II) phosphate Ni3(PO4)2 4.74×10–32 Nickel(II) sulfide NiS 1.1×10–21 Palladium(II) thiocyanate Pd(SCN)2 4.39×10–23 Potassium hexachloroplatinate K2PtCl6 7.48×10–6 Potassium perchlorate KClO4 1.05×10–2 Potassium periodate KIO4 3.71×10–4 Praseodymium hydroxide Pr(OH)3 3.39×10–24 Radium iodate Ra(IO3)2 1.16×10–9 Radium sulfate RaSO4 3.66×10–11 Rubidium perchlorate RbClO4 3.00×10–3 Scandium fluoride ScF3 5.81×10–24 Scandium hydroxide Sc(OH)3 2.22×10–31 Silver(I) acetate AgCH3COO 1.94×10–3 Silver(I) arsenate Ag3AsO4 1.03×10–22 Silver(I) bromate AgBrO3 5.38×10–5 Silver(I) bromide AgBr 5.35×10–13 Silver(I) carbonate Ag2CO3 8.46×10–12 Silver(I) chloride AgCl 1.77×10–10 Silver(I) chromate Ag2CrO4 1.12×10–12 Silver(I) cobalticyanide Ag3Co(CN)6 3.9×10–26 Silver(I) cyanide AgCN 5.97×10–17 Silver(I) iodate AgIO3 3.17×10–8 Silver(I) iodide AgI 8.52×10–17 Silver(I) oxalate Ag2C2O4 5.40×10–12 Silver(I) phosphate Ag3PO4 8.89×10–17 Silver(I) sulfate Ag2SO4 1.20×10–5 Silver(I) sulfite Ag2SO3 1.50×10–14 Silver(I) sulfide Ag2S 3.3×10–50 Silver(I) thiocyanate AgSCN 1.03×10–12 Strontium arsenate Sr3(AsO4)2 4.29×10–19 Strontium carbonate SrCO3 5.60×10–10 Strontium fluoride SrF2 4.33×10–9 Strontium iodate Sr(IO3)2 1.14×10–7 Strontium iodate monohydrate Sr(IO3)2·H2O 3.77×10–7 Strontium iodate hexahydrate Sr(IO3)2·6H2O 4.55×10–7 Strontium oxalate SrC2O4 5×10–8 Strontium phosphate Sr3(PO4)2 1×10–31 Strontium sulfate SrSO4 3.44×10–7 Thallium(I) bromate TlBrO3 1.10×10–4 Thallium(I) bromide TlBr 3.71×10–6 Thallium(I) chloride TlCl 1.86×10–4 Thallium(I) chromate Tl2CrO4 8.67×10–13 Thallium(I) hydroxide Tl(OH)3 1.68×10–44 Thallium(I) iodate TlIO3 3.12×10–6 Thallium(I) iodide TlI 5.54×10–8 Thallium(I) thiocyanate TlSCN 1.57×10–4 Thallium(I) sulfide Tl2S 6×10–22 Tin(II) hydroxide Sn(OH)2 5.45×10–27 Tin(II) sulfide SnS 3.2×10–28 Tin(IV) sulfide SnS2 1×10–70 Yttrium carbonate Y2(CO3)3 1.03×10–31 Yttrium fluoride YF3 8.62×10–21 Yttrium hydroxide Y(OH)3 1.00×10–22 Yttrium iodate Y(IO3)3 1.12×10–10 Zinc arsenate Zn3(AsO4)2 2.8×10–28 Zinc carbonate ZnCO3 1.46×10–10 Zinc carbonate monohydrate ZnCO3·H2O 5.42×10–11 Zinc fluoride ZnF 3.04×10–2 Zinc hydroxide Zn(OH)2 3×10–17 Zinc iodate dihydrate Zn(IO3)2·2H2O 4.1×10–6 Zinc oxalate dihydrate ZnC2O4·2H2O 1.38×10–9 Zinc selenide ZnSe 3.6×10–26 Zinc selenite monohydrate ZnSe·H2O 1.59×10–7 Zinc sulfide (alpha) ZnS 2×10–25 Zinc sulfide (beta) ZnS 3×10–23

Explanation / Answer

Ag2SO4---> 2Ag+ +SO4-2

KSp=[Ag+]2 [SO4-2] = 1.2*10-5

[SO4-2] = 1.2*10-5/(0.02)2 =0.03M

for CaSO4, CaSO4--->Ca+2+SO4-2

Ksp = [Ca+2] [SO4-2] =4.93*10-5

[Ca+2] [0.03] =4.93*10-5

[Ca+2] =4.93*10-5/0.03 =0.00164M

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