The gene ( R ) inserted into the GMO varieties can be passed onto future generat

Question

The gene (R) inserted into the GMO varieties can be passed onto future generations, and exhibits an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. A farmer cross-pollinates his non-GMO corn (rr) with the GMO variety (RR). What are the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring? [2 pt; L2; I.A.3]

25% RR, 50% Rr, 25% rr; three fourths are resistant and one fourth are susceptible to ECB infestation

50% rr, 50% RR; half are resistant and half are susceptible to ECB infestation

100% Rr; all are susceptible to ECB infestation

100% Rr; all are resistant to ECB infestation

2 points   

Question 17

To create the GMO derivatives, the CRY gene from Bacillus thuringensis was cloned, and the cloned gene was introduced into the corn plant. How was this most likely accomplished? [2 pt; L1; II.C]

by infecting the corn plants with Bacillus thuringensis

using a recombinant plasmid containing the CRY gene

by co-culturing Bacillus thuringensis with the corn plants

growing the corn plants under UV light to introduce random mutations

2 points   

Question 18

To determine the amount of CRY protein produced by the GMO derivatives, which assay would be used? [1 pt; L2; II.C]

measure the intensity of the orange color produced by the precipitation of the CRY protein with Benedict’s reagent using a spectrophotometer set to 520 nm

measure the intensity of the violet color produced by the reaction of the CRY protein with the biuret reagent using a spectrophotometer set to 540 nm

measure the intensity of the red color produced by the reaction of the CRY protein with the Allura Red reagent using a spectrophotometer set to 480 nm

measure the intensity of the blue color produced by the reaction of the CRY protein with the iodine reagent using a spectrophotometer set to 620 nm

25% RR, 50% Rr, 25% rr; three fourths are resistant and one fourth are susceptible to ECB infestation

50% rr, 50% RR; half are resistant and half are susceptible to ECB infestation

100% Rr; all are susceptible to ECB infestation

100% Rr; all are resistant to ECB infestation

Explanation / Answer

1) 100% Rr; all are resistant to ECB infestation

The gene (R) inserted into the GMO varieties can be passed onto future generations and exhibits an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. In autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, only one mutated gene (dominant gene) is required to show its effect. This means that a single copy of gene R can provide resistance to the progeny plant.

Parents: non-GMO corn X GMO variety corn
                       rr                      RR
Gametes:         r                        R
Offsprings:                  Rr

So, the genotype of offsprings produced is Rr and phenotype is resistant to ECB infestation.

Answer 17) using a recombinant plasmid containing the CRY gene

B. thuringiensis is a Gram-positive bacterium which produces parasporal crystal proteins. These parasporal crystal proteins are encoded by the CRY genes and provide insecticidal activity against pests or insect species. CRY genes are located on the plasmids. The recombinant vectors containing CRY genes are introduced into the genome of B. thuringiensis by the method of electroporation.

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