Buffer solutions are a mixture of substances that have a fairly constant pH rega

Question

Buffer solutions are a mixture of substances that have a fairly constant pH regardless of addition of acid or base. They are used in medicine, industry and manufacturing to keep the pH of a soliton stable regardless of other reaction that might be occurring. We have buffers in our blood for the proper function of enzymes that is dependent on pH. Eating, breathing and exercising can all alter the blood pH but the buffers help control those changes. A buffer must contain a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid to work since the shift in equilibrium is required to neutralize either an acid or base added Model 1-Comparing Solutions Beaker A: 100 mL Pure water H,O (I) + H,0 (I) H,O. (aq) + OH (aq) Beaker B: 100 mL of 1.00 M HC HCl (aq) + H20 (I) H,o. (aq) + Cl. (aq) Beaker C: 100 mL of 1.00 M HNO K-4.6x10 Beaker D: 100 mL of 1.00 M HNO, with 1.00 M NaNO HNO2 (aq) + H,O (I) Hs0' (aq) + No," (aq) HNO2 (aq) + H,0 (I) H,O, (aq) + NO2 (aq)

Explanation / Answer

Beaker A

None. Water does not possess enough buffering capacity or acidic nature to neutralize any baseadded to it.

Beaker B

This beaker possessed H3O+ which can neutralize OH-.

H3O+ + OH- ----> 2 H2O

Beaker C

None.

The Ka value of HNO2 is not sufficient to generate 0.05 moles of H+ to neutralize NaOH.

moles of H+ = (Ka/ C) 1/2

moles of H+ = (4.6 X 10-4 / 1) 1/2

moles of H+ = 0.021 moles

Beaker D

This is a buffer which has a weak acid and its conjugate base. Therefore the HNO2 will react to neutralize the aOH added.

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