substituents on an aromatic ring can have several effects on electrophilic aroma

Question

substituents on an aromatic ring can have several effects on electrophilic aromatic substitution Substituents on an aromatic ring can have several effects on electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Substituents can activate or deactivate the ring to substitution, donate or withdraw electrons inductively donate or withdraw electrons through resonance, and direct substitution either to the ortholpara or to t meta positions. From the following lists, select the substituents that have the indicated property. The substituents are written as -XY, where X is the atom directly bound to the aromatic ring. Activation of the ring towards substitution. Withdrawal of electrons through resonance. Ortho/para-directed substitution. -NH2 Br OCH3 -CN 7 -NH2 Ortho/para-directing groups can donate electrons to the ring via induction or resonance, and then resonance conjugation in the ring increases electron density at the ortho and para positions Try Again Next Ext Previous Give Up & View Solution

Explanation / Answer

Activation of the ring towards subsitution:

-NH2, OCH3

Withdrawal of electrons through resonance

-SO3H, -NO2

Ortho-Para Directed substituents

-Br, -NH2

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