Order the following contraction types from the one that can generate the most te
ID: 9206 • Letter: O
Question
Order the following contraction types from the one that can generate the most tension to the one that can generate the least.
Isometric contraction
High speed concentric contraction
Low speed concentric contraction
Eccentric contraction
Question 2 (1 point)Save Question 2Save
Order the following metabolic pathways from the one which regenerates ATP the most rapidly to the one which regenerates ATP the least rapidly.
Phosphorylation of ADP by Creatine Phosphate (phosphagen system).
Oxidative phosphorylation of ADP in the electron transport chain (aerobic pathway)
Substrate level phosphorylation of ADP during glycolysis (glycolytic or lactic pathway)
Question 3 (1 point)Save Question 3Save
Which of the following statements is TRUE in regards to muscle fiber recruitment during a voluntary contraction?
Motor units are typically made up of mixed fiber types, thus allowing all units to have roughly equivalent force potential.
Increasing the excitatory input to the motor neuron pool in the ventral horn of the spinal cord will generally result in an increase in the number of motor units activated.
The motor units activated first are the fastest (highest shortening velocity).
The motor units activated first are the most fatiguable.
Question 4 (1 point)Save Question 4Save
Which of the following adaptations is LEAST LIKELY with endurance training?
Substantial hypertrophy of the involved musculature.
Increase in muscle fiber mitochondria.
Increase in the number of capillaries surronding the muscles.
Increased oxidative capacity of the involved musculature.
Question 5 (1 point)Save Question 5Save
In order to press a 50 pound dumbbell from your chest to full extension (arm straight in front of you) while laying on a bench, your muscles will need to generate _________ than 50 pounds of tension, and they will shorten _________ than the distance that the dumbbell is moved.
more; more
less; less
more; less
less; more
Question 6 (1 point)Save Question 6Save
Correctly order the steps for smooth muscle activation.
Activation of myosin light-chain kinase.
Cross-brdige cycling.
Phosphorylation of mysosin light-chains.
Activation of muscle via membrane depolarization or binding of chemical messenger.
Binding of calcium to calmodulin.
Increase in cytosolic calcium.
Question 7 (1 point)Save Question 7Save
If a muscle fiber demonstrated a high rate of myosin ATPase activity, as well a relatively large number of glycoytic enzymes, mitochondria, and capillaries, it would be classified as _____________.
Slow Oxidative
Slow Oxidative-Glycolytic
Fast Oxidative-Glycolytic
Fast Glycolytic
Question 8 (1 point)Save Question 8Save
Which of the following is most likely to be TRUE for a fast-glycolytic muscle fiber?
Its mitochondrial density will be high.
It will be found in high proportions in postural muscles.
It is sometimes considered a "red" fiber
It has a relatively large diameter
Question 9 (1 point)Save Question 9Save
Which of the following will NOT affect whole muscle tension?
The length of the muscle.
The velocity of contraction.
The excitatory input to the motor neuron pool.
The firing frequency of the individual motor neurons.
All of the above will affect the tension of the whole muscle.
Question 10 (1 point)Save Question 10Save
Which of the following is NOT true with respect to smooth muscle?
Calcium is required in the cytosol for contraction.
It can receive both excitatory and inhibitory inputs.
It can contain gap junctions which allow multiple smooth muscle cells to contract as a single unit.
The shape of tropomyosin must be changed via allosteric modulation in order to allow actin-myosin binding.
Explanation / Answer
1. eccentric > isometric > low-velocity > high velocity 2. creatine-phosphate > substrate phosphorylation > oxidative 3. increased stimulus = increased recruitment 4. substantial hypertrophy 5. more;less 6. chemical messenger cascade -> increased calcium levels -> calcium/calmodulin -> activation of mysoin kinase -> phosphorylation -> cross bridge cycling 7. fast oxidative/glycolytic 8. mitochondria! 9. all of the above 10. no tropomyosin in smooth muscle
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