Acid/Base Chemistry Hands-On Labs, Inc. Version 42-0137-00-02 Lab Report Assista
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Question
Acid/Base Chemistry
Hands-On Labs, Inc.
Version 42-0137-00-02
Lab Report Assistant
This document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The Lab Report Assistant is simply a summary of the experiment’s questions, diagrams if needed, and data tables that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is to facilitate students’ writing of lab reports by providing this information in an editable file which can be sent to an instructor.
Exercise 1: Using pH Paper and the Indicator Bromothymol Blue (BTB)
Data Table 1. Data Collected from Exercise 1.
ID Number
Chemical Name
Chemical Formula
Hypothesis: Acid or Base
pH
BTB Color
Acid or Base?
11A
Acetic acid
CH3COOH
?
?
?
?
11B
Hydrogen nitrate
HNO3
?
?
?
?
11C
Hydrogen sulfate
H2SO4
?
??
?
?
11D
Phosphoric acid
H3PO4
?
?
?
?
Sodium acetate
CH3COONa
?
?
?
?
11F
Sodium bicarbonate
NaHCO3
?
?
?
?
11G
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate
NaH2PO4
11H
Sodium hydrogen sulfate
NaHSO4
12A
Sodium bisulfate
NaHSO3
12B
Limewater
Ca(OH)2
12C
Trisodium phosphate
Na3PO4
12D
Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate
Na2HPO4
12E
Ammonium hydroxide
NH4OH
>?
?
?
?
12F
Hydrochloric acid
HCl
?
?
?
?
12G
Sodium carbonate
Na2CO3
?
?
?
?
12H
Sodium hydroxide
NaOH
?
?
?
?
Questions
A:
When you created hypotheses to guess whether each chemical was an acid or base, what specifically did you look for in the chemical formulas?
B:
What is the value of using pH paper as an indicator?
C:
What is the value of using BTB as an indicator? When might BTB be a better choice than pH paper?
D
Write the chemical equation of mixing hydrogen nitrate (HNO3) with water.
E
Write the chemical equation of mixing ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) with water.
F
What are the conjugate acids and conjugate bases of questions D and E?
Data Table 2. Acid-Base Reactions.
A1:
Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
A2:
Hydrogen nitrate (HNO3)
A3:
Hydrogen sulfate (H2SO4)
A4:
Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
A5:
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4)
A6:
Sodium hydrogen sulfate (NaHSO4)
A7:
Sodium bisulfate (NaHSO3)
A8:
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
BA:
Sodium acetate (CH3COONa)
pH: 6
BTB color:
Yellow
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
BB:
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
BC:
Limewater [Ca(OH)2]
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
BD:
Trisodium phosphate (Na3PO4)
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
BE:
Disodium hydrogen orthophos-phate (Na2HPO4)
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
BF:
Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
BG:
Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3)
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
BH:
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
pH:
BTB color:
Questions
G
Visually analyze the wells colored with BTB, and remember that acids are organized by columns and bases are organized by rows. What specific acids or bases are weak or strong acids or bases? Explain why.
H
Why did some of the chemicals neutralize and others did not?
I
Did any of the mixtures get more acidic than the original acid or less acidic than the original base? Why do you think this happened or did not happen?
Exercise 3: Testing the pH of Household Products
Data Table 3. Household Acids and Bases.
Household substance
Prediction:
(Acid, Base, or Neutral)
pH Value
Conclusion:
(Acid, Base, or Neutral)
Prediction Correct?
(Yes or No)
Questions
J
What properties did you use to determine whether the substances you tested were acid or base?
K
Did any of your findings surprise you? Why or why not?
ID Number
Chemical Name
Chemical Formula
Hypothesis: Acid or Base
pH
BTB Color
Acid or Base?
11A
Acetic acid
CH3COOH
?
?
?
?
11B
Hydrogen nitrate
HNO3
?
?
?
?
11C
Hydrogen sulfate
H2SO4
?
??
?
?
11D
Phosphoric acid
H3PO4
?
?
?
?
Sodium acetate
CH3COONa
?
?
?
?
11F
Sodium bicarbonate
NaHCO3
?
?
?
?
11G
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate
NaH2PO4
11H
Sodium hydrogen sulfate
NaHSO4
12A
Sodium bisulfate
NaHSO3
12B
Limewater
Ca(OH)2
12C
Trisodium phosphate
Na3PO4
12D
Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate
Na2HPO4
12E
Ammonium hydroxide
NH4OH
>?
?
?
?
12F
Hydrochloric acid
HCl
?
?
?
?
12G
Sodium carbonate
Na2CO3
?
?
?
?
12H
Sodium hydroxide
NaOH
?
?
?
?
Explanation / Answer
A) The chemical formula of compund conatins H+ or OH-. If it contains H+ is an acid and OH- is base.
B) when use pH paper as an indicator, the colour change is notify the pH of solution .
C) Bromothymol is an indicator shows yellow colour in acid and blue in base. so, all acid are are shows yellow and bases show blue.This BTB is best indicator in titration of acid base reactions.
D) HNO3 + H2O <----------> NO3- + H3O
E) NH3 + H2O -----> NH4 + OH-
ammonium hydroxide is ammonia ga in water.
F) Conjugate acids of D) and E) are H3O and NH4+
Conjugate bases of D) and E) are NO3- and OH-
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