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± pH and Percent Ionization of a Weak Base The degree to which a weak base disso

ID: 879579 • Letter: #

Question

± pH and Percent Ionization of a Weak Base

The degree to which a weak base dissociates is given by the base-ionization constant, Kb. For the generic weak base, B

B(aq)+H2O(l)BH+(aq)+OH(aq)

this constant is given by

Kb=[BH+][OH][B]

Strong bases will have a higher Kb value. Similarly, strong bases will have a higher percent ionization value.

Percent ionization=[OH] equilibrium[B] initial×100%

Strong bases, for which Kb is very large, ionize completely (100%). For weak bases, the percent ionization changes with concentration. The more dilute the solution, the greater the percent ionization.

Ammonia, NH3, is a weak base with a Kb value of 1.8×105.

Part A

What is the pH of a 0.105 M ammonia solution?

Express your answer numerically to two decimal places.

11.37

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Part B

What is the percent ionization of ammonia at this concentration?

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

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± pH and Percent Ionization of a Weak Base

The degree to which a weak base dissociates is given by the base-ionization constant, Kb. For the generic weak base, B

B(aq)+H2O(l)BH+(aq)+OH(aq)

this constant is given by

Kb=[BH+][OH][B]

Strong bases will have a higher Kb value. Similarly, strong bases will have a higher percent ionization value.

Percent ionization=[OH] equilibrium[B] initial×100%

Strong bases, for which Kb is very large, ionize completely (100%). For weak bases, the percent ionization changes with concentration. The more dilute the solution, the greater the percent ionization.

Ammonia, NH3, is a weak base with a Kb value of 1.8×105.

Part A

What is the pH of a 0.105 M ammonia solution?

Express your answer numerically to two decimal places.

pH =

11.37

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Incorrect; Try Again; 5 attempts remaining

Part B

What is the percent ionization of ammonia at this concentration?

Express your answer with the appropriate units.

% ionization =

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Explanation / Answer

NH3 ---------> NH4+ + OH-   Kb = 1.8x10-5

i) 0.105 0 0

eq) 0.105 - x x x

Kb = x2 / 0.105 - x -----> Kb is small so x is small too: 0.105 - x = 0.105

1.8x10-5 = x2 / 0.105 -----> x2 = 1.8x10-5 x 0.105 ------> x = 1.3748x10-3 M = [OH-]

pOH = -log(1.3748x10-3) = 2.86 -----> pH = 14 - 2.86 = 11.14

[NH3] = 0.105 - 1.3748x10-3 = 0.1036252

% = (0.1036252 / 0.105) x 100 = 98.69%