Step 1: Consider 0.10 M solutions of acetic acid, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, an

Question

Step 1: Consider 0.10 M solutions of acetic acid, ammonia, hydrochloric acid, and sodium hydroxide. Rank these solutions in order of increasing pH (starting from the lowest, and ending with the highest pH value). Please also make a statement, whether each solution is an acidic or a basic one, and provide an explanation why.

Step 2: How many carbon atoms are there in a molecule of each of the following:
a. ethane b. 1-butyne c. propene d. cyclooctane

Please provide molecular formula for each of the four above mentioned compounds.

Example: 2-pentene - contains 5 atoms of C, molecular formula is C5H10

Explanation / Answer

Step 1:

0.1M Hydrochloric acid pH = 1

0.1M Acetic acid pH = 2.88

0.1M Ammonia pH = 11.12

0.1M Sodium Hydroxide pH = 13

Increasing order of pH : Hydrochloric acid < Acetic acid < Ammonia < Sodium hydroxide

Generally pH 0-7 = acidic; pH 7-14 = basic; pH 7= neutral.

When pH is below the tendency of the compound to donate proton increases and hence it is acidic in nature. Where as if the pH is above 7, the tendency of donating proton decreases but that of accepting proton increases and hence the compound is basic in nature.

Step 2:

a) Ethane = 2 carbons; Molecular formula = C2H6

b) 1-butyne = 4 carbons; Molecular formula = C4H6

c) propene = 3 carbons; Molecular formula = C3H6

d) cyclooctene = 8 carbons; Molecular formula = C8H16

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