1) Give the electron configuration for the valence shell for the following atoms

Question

1) Give the electron configuration for the valence shell for the following atoms. Use parenthesis to separate the number of electrons in the subshell(s). For example, for N enter 2s(2)2p(3) without space between each pair of orbital designations. The answer is case sensitive.

Mg:

Br:

Ga:

Pb:

2) If the core electrons were 100% effective at shielding the valence electrons from the nuclear charge and the valence electrons provided no shielding for each other, what would be the effective nuclear charge felt by valence electrons in:

Na:

S:

Cl:

3) Use the periodic table to select the element in the following list where there is the largest difference between the third and fourth ionization energy: Na, Mg, Al,Si, P, Se, and Cl.

4) In 1924 Louis de Broglie proposed the existence of particle-wave duality. The wavelength of a particle is related to its mass according to the expression for ? below (where h = Planck's constant, c = the speed of light, E = energy, m = the mass of the particle and v = the velocity of the particle):

Explanation / Answer

-----------Mg-------------1s22s22p63s2.

Br:------------[Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p5

Ga:----------[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1

Pb:------------[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2

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If the core electrons (thats the inner ones) are 100% effective that means that one electron charge cancels out one proton charge. So Na

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