What cholesterol derivatives facilitate the digestion of fats by incorporating d

Question

What cholesterol derivatives facilitate the digestion of fats by incorporating dietary triacylglycerols into micelles in the intestine? A) vitamin D B) testosterone C) bile salts D) aldosterone E) None of the answers is correct. What tissue is the primary storage site for triacylglycerols in animals? A) liver B) adipose C) kidney D) heart E) muscle How much ATP is derived from the complete oxidation of stearic acid, a C_ fatty acid, to CO_2? A) 112 B) 118 C) 120 D) 122 E) 124 In addition to the enzymes of glycolysis, which of the following pairs of enzymes are required to convert glycerol into pyruvate? A) glycerol dehydrogenase and dihydroxyacetone kinase B) glycerol dehydrogenase and kinase C) glycerol kinase and glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase D) glycerol kinase and glycerol phosphate mutase E) None of the answers is correct. How does fatty acid oxidation differ in peroxisomes? A) The final product is not acetyl CoA but is succinyl CoA. B) NAD^+ does not participate in the pathway. C) The initial dehydrogenation reaction is different in that electrons are transferred to O_2 to yield H_2O_2. D) All oxidations use NAD^+ as the oxidizing agent. E) None of the answers is correct. Which of the following is property described? A) respiration: converts reactive oxygen species into hydrogen B) redox potential: measure of the tendency to accept or donate protons C) cytochrome c; lipid-soluble electron carrier D) superoxide dismutase: converts hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water E) Q cycle: funnels electrons from a two-electron carrier to a single-electron carrier

Explanation / Answer

31. C

Bile salts help in the absorption of fats. They help in the emulsification of fats and contribute to the absorption in the intestine.

32. B

Adipose tissue is specialised connective tissue that functions as the major storage site for fat in the form of triglycerides.

33. D

8 rounds of Beta oxidation produces 124 ATP of which two are used for activation so total 122 ATP.

34. C

Glycerol is transported to blood to liver where it is first phosphorylated to form glycerol 3 phosphate by glycerol kinase and then converted to dihydroxy Acetone phosphate by the action of glycerol 3 phospho dehydrogenase.

35. C

The significant difference is that oxidation in peroxisomes is not coupled to ATP synthesis point in state the high potential electrons are transferred to oxygen which eels H2O2. The enzyme catalase found exclusively in peroxisomes convert hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.

36. E

Mitochondrial respiration produces reactive oxygen species

redox potential is measure of tendency to donate or accept electrons

superoxide dismutase catalyzes dismutation of superoxide radical into oxygen or hydrogen peroxide

Cytochrome C is water soluble mobile electron carrier.

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