Gluconeogenesis Describe in your own words using the pathways in parallel below

Question

Gluconeogenesis

Describe in your own words using the pathways in parallel below why gluconeogenesis is not simply the reverse of glycolysis. What side product of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis shown here is an entry point to electron transport? (Hint: cytosolic oxidation of NADH and the glycerophosphate shuttle—the significance of this is that both breakdown and synthesis of glucose can lead to oxidation of pyruvate.)

Glucose ATP glucose-6- hexokinase phosphatase ADP H O Glucose-6-phosphate phosphoglucose isomerase Fructose-6-phosphate ATP fructose bis phosphofructokinase phosphatase ADP H2O Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase triose phosphate Dihydroxyacetone Glyceraldehyde-3 Some rase phosphate phosphate NAD +Pi Pir NAD glyceraldehyde-3-phos- phate dehydrogenase NADH H NADH H 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate ADP ADP phosphoglycerate kinase ATP ATP 3-Phosphoglycerate phosphoglycerate mutase 2-Phosphoglycerate enolase CO2 GDP ruvate PEPCK ADP GTP Oxaloacetate pyruvate kinase ATP Pit- ADP Pyruvate pyruvate carboxylase ATP CO

Explanation / Answer

The process of glycolysis is essential for the generation of ATP. it functions as a machinery for the generation of ATP and to provide molecule or the synthesis of the other biomolecules. Although the process of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis is similar and utilizes the same enzyme. the process of gluconeogenesis is vital to the brains and takes place, in absence of oxygen, or during the night's sleep. The pathways are reciprocally regulated, due to which the process does not happen simultaneously in the same cell at the same time. This prevents the wastage of energy as it will result in the breakage of glucose and at the same time, it is going formed. The process of gluconeogenesis is not simply the reverse of glycolysis because it happens only when there is not enough energy available.

The pyruvate molecule in case of glycolysis and the oxaloacetate in case of gluconeogenesis can enter the electron transport chain. The pyruvate molecule undergoes Krebs's cycle and then enter oxidative phosphorylation. The oxaloacetate can enter the Krebs's cycle and from there it can enter the electron transport chain and thus producing energy.

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