At low frequencies during DNA replication, an extra nucleotide maybe inserted in

Question

At low frequencies during DNA replication, an extra nucleotide maybe inserted into the DNA strand. If this occurs within a gene, what would be the effect on the protein product?

The protein product could have multiple amino acid residue changes and could be smaller or bigger.

Only one amino acid residue within the protein could possibly be different.

Protein synthesis would always end at the site corresponding to the nucleotide insertion.

The change in the DNA sequence would have no effect on the protein product.

The protein product could have multiple amino acid residue changes and could be smaller or bigger.

Explanation / Answer

In genetics, an insertion (also called an insertion mutation) is the addition of one or more nucleotide base pairs into a DNA sequence. Increased fidelity could result from additional protein subunits that alter processivity by increasing the affinity of the polymerase for template-primers. The merchandise of the smallest singlehandedly base insertion mutations is believed to be through the case pair separation between the template and primer strands followed by non-neighbour base stacking, which can occur locally within the DNA polymerase active site. Insertion of smaller sequence tends to occur mitosis. Because of the inserted nucleotides, the finished protein will contain, depending on the size of the insertion, multiple new amino acids that may affect the function of the protein.

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