Bipedalism requires: a) a locking out knee joint. b) a bowel shaped pelvis. c) a
ID: 82772 • Letter: B
Question
Bipedalism requires: a) a locking out knee joint. b) a bowel shaped pelvis. c) an "S" shaped spine. d) a values knee. e) all the above. The earliest manufacture of stone tools dates to a) 6 MYA. b) 3-2.5 MYA. c) 2 MYA. d) 1.8 MYA. e) none of the above One of the most distinguishing characteristics of modem humans (Homo sapiens) is: a) a large brain. b) an occipital bun. c) large bro ridges d) a chin or mental eminence. e) none of the above. The tool type associated with Homo neanderthalensis is called Mousterian. True _____ False____ According to the latest interpretation, a) modem humans outbred and absorbed Neanderthals. b) killed off the Neanderthals. c) never interbred with Neanderthals. d) Neanderthals were extinct before modem humans entered Europe. e) none of the above. Skeletons from all regions of the world show an increase in interpersonal and group violence especially after the adaptation of agriculture and creation of towns and cities. True ___ False _____ Osteoarthritis is a disorder of skeletal joints that results from excessive stresses on places where bones articulate. True ____ False ____Explanation / Answer
1. Option d is correct. A locking out knee joint provides a fully extendable legs, bowl shaped pelvis is suitable for weight support when standing upright or moving bipedally, an S shaped spine is not present at birth, it becomes s shaped to support bipedallity, a valgus knee results in the knee being situated far closer to the midline of the body. Hence all are the adaptions which support bipedallity.
2. Option b is correct.The earliest stonetoolmaking developed by at least 2.6 million years ago.
3. Option d is correct. A chin or mental eminence (well developed) is the characteristic feature of homo sapiens
4. True. Mousterian tools that have been found in Europe were made by Neanderthals and named after a type site le moustier, a rock shelter in the France.
5. Option a is correct. Neanderthals seemed to breed less quickly than modern human ancestors and so were absorbed.
6. False. Neolithic societies preferred urban living built on farming despite worse health outcomes because new methods of organization created social order, enforced property rights, and reduced violence.
7. True. Excessive stresses on the place where bones articulate, causes breakdown of cartilage which results in osteoarthritis.
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