The wastewater solution from a factory containing high levels of salts needs to

Question

The wastewater solution from a factory containing high levels of salts needs to be diluted before it can be released into the environment. Therefore, two containers of waste solution are separated by a semipermeable membrane and pressure is applied to one container, forcing only water molecules through the membrane and diluting the waste solution in the other container. As dilution continues, higher and higher pressures are needed to counteract the natural tendency for the water molecules to have a net flow back toward the more concentrated solution.

What was the applied pressure at the end of this process if the final concentrations of the solutions were 0.060M and 0.190M at a temperature of 23 ?C?

Explanation / Answer

1) Convert celsius to kelvin (273.15+23= 296.15 K)
2) Find osmotic pressure of each concentration:
MRT where M=molarity, R = ideal gas constant, T = temp in Kelvin
Osmotic pressure = 0.067M*.08206*296.15K and
Osmotic pressure = .190M*.08206*296.15K
Get the difference (subtract) of Osmotic pressures and that is the answer in atm.

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