2. Control test tube A contains 1 mL each of solutions of BiCl, and NH3. Test tu

Question

2. Control test tube A contains 1 mL each of solutions of BiCl, and NH3. Test tube B contains 1 mL each of solutions of BiCl, and NH3, and 1 g of NH4Cl. A clear gelatinous precipitate of Bi(OH)3, forms in test tube A while no precipitate forms in test tube B. The appearances of test tubes A and B are due to the interplay between the ammonia and bismuth hydroxide equilibria. a. What common ion is present in test tube B? b. How does the addition of this common ion affect the ammonia and bismuth hydroxide equilibria? c. Explain the results (differences in appearance between test tubes A and B) in terms of the common ion effect. d. What will happen in test tube A if conc. HCl is slowly added? Explain.

Explanation / Answer

Hi,

A) the common ion present in testtube B is Cl-

B) No gelatinous ppt is observed in test tube B due to the presence of common ion.

C) Because of the common ion no ppt of Bi(OH)2 is formed as in presence of common ion BiCl3 will dissociate less. Therefore, no ppt forms in testtube B

D) If conc.HCl is added, the ppt of BiOH3 will dissolve to form BiCl3. the tube will start appearing similar to test tube B

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