You are studying a strain of bacteria. You find that it has suddenly gained the

Question

You are studying a strain of bacteria. You find that it has suddenly gained the ability to survive antibiotics. After asking around, You find out that your partner did not fully clean out the test tubes after growing antibiotic resist bacteria, and that you then used the dirty tubes. Your partner claims that could n't be why your bacteria changed, as his bacteria had been killed in the tubes could your bacteria have gotten a new trait from dead bacteria? If so how? You infect a bacterial culture with two strains of bacteriophage. One is h^+ r and the other is hr^+ you obtain the following numbers of plaques each type. How far apart are the h and r genes? Describe how the experiments of Griffth, and later Avery MacLeod and McCarty, helped show that DNA was the genetic material?

Explanation / Answer

Ques-1:

In the above, bacteria acquired a new trait as an evolutionary adaptation to survive in harsh conditions in the tube even in the presence of other microbial species. The acquiring of these genes are via horizontal gene transfer between similar species of bacteria mainly through conjugation, transformation or transduction so that multiple "antibiotic resistant genes" are going to be expressed to synthesize proteins to inactivate other antibiotics produced by different species.

Prokaryotes possess a specific phenomenon of communicating system called quorum sensing when lethal environment developed around them for information passage.

Three physiological ways by which bacteria become resistant to antibiotics after they acquire the resistance genes:

Chemical transmitters released for communication between bacteria when an antibiotic enters into their habitat so that they change their physiological environment.

Synthesis of virulent cell wall synthesis proteins: Lipopolysaccharides and a few enzymatic proteins encoded from antibiotic resistant genes to neutralize or to inactivate antibiotic finally to make harmless to their cell environment.bac

Synthesis of virulent M protein: Antibiotic resistant genes are going to synthesize M -protein, a bacterial cell surface protein that can inactivate a variety of antibiotics

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse Y
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.