1. The buildup of plaque in the walls of arteries and the narrowing of passages
ID: 7839 • Letter: 1
Question
1.
The buildup of plaque in the walls of arteries and the narrowing of passages through which blood can flow results in
A) Anemia
B) leukemia
C) atherosclerosis
D) cancer
2.
White blood cells play an important role in
A) carrying oxygen
B) fighting infections
C) blood clotting
D) hemoglobin transport
3.
Which of the following can cause anemia?
A) mineral deficiency
B) some types of cancer
C) excessive blood loss
D) A & B
E) A, B & C
4.
Plasma consists mostly of
A) white blood cells
B) red blood cells
C) dissolved salts such as sodium
D) water
5.
Which of the following is correct for a blood pressure reading of 120/80?
A) the systolic pressure is 80; the diastolic pressure is 120
B) the systolic pressure is 120; the diastolic pressure is 80
C) the diastolic pressure is 120; pulse is 80 beats per minute
D) the systolic pressure is 80; pulse is 120 beats per minute
6.
Blood pressure is lowest in
A) capillaries
B) arteries
C) veins
D) arterioles
7.
Briefly explain how the structure of capillary walls is well suited to function. [2 pts]
8.
Damage to the SA (sinoatrial) node in humans
A) is a major contributor to heart attacks
B) would disrupt the normal rhythm cardiac contractions
C) results in a terminal disease
D) would result in oxygen poor blood
9.
The circulation system in humans and other mammals is referred to as a “double circulation system”. This term refers to
A) the presence of two hearts
B) the presence of four heart chambers
C) the pulmonary circuit
D) the systemic circuit
E) the pulmonary and systemic circuits
10.
Which of the following would be the correct path of blood flow as it returns from the lungs, flows through the heart and toward the body?
A) pulmonary vein left atrium left ventricle aorta
B) pulmonary vein right atrium right ventricle aorta
C) pulmonary artery left atrium left ventricle aorta
D) pulmonary artery right atrium right ventricle aorta
11.
The role of the lymphatic system is to
A) fight infection in the body only
B) return tissue fluid to the circulatory system only
C) produce hormones that regulate the immune system
D) fight infection in the body and return tissue fluid to the circulatory system
E) fight infection in the body and produce hormones that regulate the immune system
12.
Which of the following play a role in preventing infection?
A) healthy skin
B) mucus membranes such as those found in the respiratory tract
C) tears
D) A & B
E) A, B & C
Explanation / Answer
1. atherosclerosis - the plaque builds due to increase in high-cholesterol diet consumption. The plaque builds within the intimal layer of the endothelium of the arteries, which expands in volume. The expansion of the intimal layer occurs towards the lumen and causes narrowing of the artery. 2. fighting infections - involved in the inflammatory response 3. E - anemia is the reduction in oxygen mineral deficiency because iron deficient blood would result in reduced oxygen transport cancerous cells sequester nutrients away from normal cells, which includes oxygen blood holds a lot of oxygen and blood loss will cause massive loss of oxygen and severely reduced oxygen transport 4. D - plasma is blood without cells, which is proteins and water 5. B 6. 6. C - veins have the lowest blood pressure because veins are wide and are furthest from the ventricles. 7. The function of capilaires is to provide oxygen to its surrounding tissues via diffusion of CO2 and O2 through its walls. The capillary walls are best suited for this function because they are only single-cell thick. 8.B - the rhythm will be slowed down but not eliminated. The heart has redundant mechanisms to protect itself n such a situation. For example, the purkinje cells have their own rhythm of firing action potentials such that it does not need a SA node; except that the firing rate is much slower. 9. E - The left half of the hear provides the systemic circuit and the right half provides to the pulmonary circuit. 10. A 11. D. 12. E
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