How do you interpret structures like these? The molecular structure of apocholic

Question

How do you interpret structures like these? The molecular structure of apocholic acid is represented below. In such shorthand diagrams, the end of each line segment, if not labelled with a chemical symbol, corresponds to a carbon atom. Hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon are frequently not drawn but are always inferred to complete the valence shell for each C atom. Non - bonding electrons for N and O atoms are also omitted from the diagram but can be inferred to complete those valence shells. Draw a complete Lewis structure of the molecule and answer the following questions. Complete the structure ONLY by adding hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms where needed. You must not create any other bonds. Atoms such as oxygen or nitrogen may have lone pairs to complete their octets. What is the hybridization of atom number 22? What is the hybridization of atom number 11? What is the hybridization of atom number 8? What is the hybridization of atom number 17? How many pi - bonds are there in the molecule? How many carbon atoms having no bonded H - atoms arc there in the molecule? How many H - atoms arc there in the molecule?

Explanation / Answer

( 1 ) Hybridisation of atom number 22 is sp 3         Hybridisation ofatom number 11 is sp 3         Hybridisation ofatom number 8 is sp 2         Hybridisation ofatom number 17 is sp 3 ( 2 )Totally there are two pi-bonds are present ( 3 )Totally five carbon atoms having no bondedH-atoms ( 4 )38 H-atoms are present Explanations : --------------- ( 1 ) If the carbon is attached to other carbon througha sigma bond then it under go sp 3 hybridization.         If the carbonis attached to other carbon through a double bond then it under go sp 2 hybridization.         If the carbon isattached to other carbon through a trible bond then it under go sp hybridization. (3 ) If the carbon is bonded to other carbons completlysatisfing its valancy 4 then there are no hydrogens at all ( 4) Valancy of carbon is 4 .If the carbon is attachedto n carbons then the other i.e., ( 4 - n ) arehydrogens                           Hybridisation ofatom number 11 is sp 3         Hybridisation ofatom number 8 is sp 2         Hybridisation ofatom number 17 is sp 3 ( 2 )Totally there are two pi-bonds are present ( 3 )Totally five carbon atoms having no bondedH-atoms ( 4 )38 H-atoms are present Explanations : --------------- ( 1 ) If the carbon is attached to other carbon througha sigma bond then it under go sp 3 hybridization.         If the carbonis attached to other carbon through a double bond then it under go sp 2 hybridization.         If the carbon isattached to other carbon through a trible bond then it under go sp hybridization. (3 ) If the carbon is bonded to other carbons completlysatisfing its valancy 4 then there are no hydrogens at all ( 4) Valancy of carbon is 4 .If the carbon is attachedto n carbons then the other i.e., ( 4 - n ) arehydrogens                  

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