A missionary couple, living in West Africa bought their 4-year old son to the Em

Question

A missionary couple, living in West Africa bought their 4-year old son to the Emergency room as he had fever and a pinkish rash has been developing on his hands and feet. There are no other symptoms that the child feeling very fatigued.

1. This disease is most likely caused by what bacteria? Name the disease.

2. How would epidemiology assist you in finding the sources of this illness?

3. The boy had all of his vaccines so why does he have such a disease?

4. What course of treatment would you order and why? What type of antibiotic would you use and why?

5. What are the virulence factors for the causative agent? Explain the mode of action of these factors

Explanation / Answer

1. This disease is Scarlet fever, which is most likely caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, which are found on the skin and in the throat.

3. Because there is no vaccine to prevent the Scarlet fever.

4. Scarlet fever can be treated easily with antibiotics. Liquid antibiotics, such as penicillin or amoxicillin, are often used to treat children.

5. Virulence factors include M protein, Protein F and lipoteichoic acid for adherence;

Hyaluronic acid capsule that inhibits phagocytosis; M-protein to inhibit phagocytosis

Invasins such as streptokinase, streptodornase

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