1.What was the difference between the theories of Lamarck and Darwin? o Lamarck
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Question
1.What was the difference between the theories of Lamarck and Darwin?
o Lamarck hypothesized that that natural selection favored certain traits; Darwin hypothesized acquired characteristics were inherited
o Lamarck hypothesized that natural selection did not favor certain traits; Darwin hypothesized that natural selection favored certain traits
o Lamarck hypothesized that acquired characteristics were inherited; Darwin hypothesized that natural selection favored certain traits
2.What is meant by prezygotic versus postzygotic speciation mechanisms?
o before versus after gamete formation
o before versus after meiosis
o before versus after formation of a zygote
3.Two populations of birds live in the same area but have different sleep/wake cycles. This is
o behavorial isolation
o mechanical isolation
o temporal isolation
o geographical isolation
4.Carbon returns to the atmosphere
o as carbon dioxide
o from respiration of plants
o by the burning of fossil fuels
o from respiration of animals
o All of the answer choices are correct
5.The greenhouse effect is due to high atmospheric
o Nitrogen
o Ammonia
o Carbon dioxide
o Carbon monoxide
o Oxygen
6.What is a deleterious consequence of artificial fertilization?
o crops grow too rapidly and fail to produce pollen and eggs
o genetically-engineered organisms can spread out of control
o much of the fertilizer undergoes runoff
7.The concentration of the pesticide DDT would be highest in
o a minnow
o a mosquito larva
o algae
o plankton
o a seagull
8.Two species which coevolve is
o competition
o a community
o an ecosystem
o symbiosis
o predation
9.Many plants will go extinct during climate change because
o Carbon dioxide is toxic to plants
o No plants can survive at high temperatures.
o Temperatures will change faster than plants can adapt.
o Greenhouse gases will block the amount of light available for photosynthesis.
10.A population with relatively more pre-reproductive individuals is common in _____-developed countries
o less
o more
11.Microevolution is
o changes in allele frequency in a population
o minor extinction of species
o new species
12.What is a danger of overfishing?
o humans will become dependent upon fish
o driving the population back into the lag phase
o selection for smarter fish that can avoid being caught
13.What is the true definition of fitness in terms of evolutionary success?
o the largest and strongest individual is the most fit
o the individual that occupies the largest territory is the most fit
o the individual that passes on his/her genes is the most fit
14.What is the problem if the Earth warms by even a few degrees?
o vegetation will multiply to excessive numbers
o birds will multiply to excessive numbers
o the permafrost will thaw, releasing tremendous amounts of carbon
15.As temperatures in the Arctic warm, which of the following changes may occur?
o Tundra will be replaced by desert
o Taiga will be replaced by tundra
o Temperate forest will be replaced by taiga
o Tundra will be replaced by taiga
o Taiga will be replaced by temperate rain forest
Explanation / Answer
1. Lamarck hypothesized that acquired characteristics were inherited; Darwin hypothesized that natural selection favored certain traits. (Lamarcks theory is called inheritance of acquired characters, which says use it or lose it, the more an organ is used, its acquired characters are inherited by the offspring. On the other hand, Darwin propsed the survival of the fittest, as selected by the nature).
2. before versus after formation of a zygote. Prezygotic isolation means that species are not allowed to mate. Post zygotic isolation means even if they manage to mate, the offspring is renedered sterile.
3. Temporal isolation. Temporal isolation means isolated in time
4. All of the answer choices are correct
5. Carbon dioxide. It is due to increased concentration of CO2 that resulted from human activities
6. crops grow too rapidly and fail to produce pollen and eggs. For artificially fertilized organisms, body mass increases rapidly. but organisms fail to reproduce efficiently.
7.a seagull. Biomagnification is high in top predators in the food chain. Sea gull is the top predator in the given options.
8. Symbiosis. Coevolutions is a mutual benefit that evolution of one species benefits the other also.
9. Temperatures will change faster than plants can adapt.
10. less. Developig countries have more birth rates, and so, has more pre-reproductive population
11. Change in allele frequency in a population
12. driving the population back into the lag phase
13. the individual that passes on his/her genes is the most fit
14. the permafrost will thaw, releasing tremendous amounts of carbon
15. Tundra will be replaced by taiga
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