Define synaptic signaling What causes tetanus? Describe the difference between l
ID: 72221 • Letter: D
Question
Define synaptic signaling
What causes tetanus?
Describe the difference between lipid soluble and lipid-insoluble signal molecules (Ligands)
Define ligand.
Explain how a g-protein coupled receptor is activated.
Explain the steps of a signal transduction using a G-protein coupled receptor.
Explain why lipid soluble signals do not require a membrane-bound receptor.
Explain how a receptor tyrosine kinase initiates a signal transduction pathway
What is a second messenger, provide examples.
What is a phosphorylation cascade?
How is a phosphorylation cascade terminated?
Explanation / Answer
Define Ligand.
Any molecule which binds to the cell surface receptor and passes the signal to the interior of the cell.
Explain how a g-protein coupled receptor is activated.
When a suitable ligand binds to the receptor on the extracellular side, there is conformational change in the transmembrane protein which causes G protein- GDP bound to get activated by dissociating the G-alpha subunit and associate with GTP.
What is a second messenger, provide examples.
The molecule formed inside the cell after getting primary signal from outside the cell is secondary messenger. It is responsible for taking the signal down to nucleus and get action out of it. Example- cAMP / cGMP.
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