20.15 At 900°C titanium tetrachloride vapor reacts with molten magnesium metal t

Question

20.15 At 900°C titanium tetrachloride vapor reacts with molten magnesium metal to form solid titanium metal and molten magnesium chloride. (a) Write a balanced equation for this reaction. (b) What is being oxidized, and what is being reduced? (c) Which substance is the reductant, and which is the oxidant? 20.16 Hydrazine (N2H) and dinitrogen tetroxide (N204) form a self-igniting mixture that has been used as a rocket propellant. The reaction products are N2 and H2O. (a) Write a balanced chemical equation for this re- action. (b) What is being oxidized, and what is being re- duced? (c) Which substance serves as the reducing agent, and which as the oxidizing agent? 20.17 Complete and balance the following half-reactions. In each case indicate whether the half-reaction is an oxida- tion or a reduction. (a) Sn2+(aq)- Sn4+(aq) (acidic or basic solution) (b) TiO2(s)Ti2 (a) (acidic solution) (c) C103-(aq)_ Cl-(aq) (acidic solution) (d) OHT(aq)-O2(g) (basic solution) (e) SO32 (a) SO42 (aq) (basic solution) (f) N2(g)-NH4+(aq) (acidic solution) (g) N2g) NH3(g) (basic solution) 20.18 Complete and balance the following half-reactions. In each case indicate whether the half-reaction is an oxida- tion or a reduction. (a) Mo"(aq)-Mo(s) (acidic or basic solution) (b) H2SO3(aq)-SO42-(aq) (acidic solution) (c) NO3 (aa)NOg) (acidic solution) (d) Mn2+(aq)-MnO2(s) (basic solution) (e) Cr(OH)3(s)--> Cr042-(aq) (basic solution)

Explanation / Answer

Solution 20.15

Given titanium tetrachloride + magnesium ---> titanium + magnesium chloride

a)the balanced reaction is given by

TiCl4 (g) + 2Mg (l) ---> Ti (s)   + 2MgCl2 (l)

b)now write the oxdation numbers in reactants :

oxidation number of Ti is +4

oxidation number of Mg is 0

in products :

oxidation number of Ti is 0

oxidation number of Mg is +2

increase in oxidation number is oxidation and decrease in oxidation number is called reduction so TiCl4 is being reduced and Mg being oxidized

c)now we know that the reactant which undergoes oxidation is called reductant and the reactant whihc undergoes reduction is called oxidant so Mg is reductant and TiCl4 is oxidant

Solution 20.16

a) N2O4(l) + 2 N2H4 ---------- 3 N2(g) + 4 H2O(g)

b) half reactions:
N2O4(l) + 4e ---> N2(g)
2 N2H4 - 4e ---> 2N2(g)
thus, N2O4(l) is reduced by getting 4 electrons.
N2H4 is oxidized by losing 4 electrons.

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