Solution: 1. The compound shown is Acetoacetate. It is a conjugate base of aceto

Question

Solution:

1. The compound shown is Acetoacetate. It is a conjugate base of acetoacetic acid.

2. Acetoacetic acid may be prepared by the hydrolysis of diketene. Its esters are produced analogously via an reaction between diketene and alcohols, and acetoacetic acid can be prepared by the hydrolysis of these species.

3. Cetoacetate is produced in mitochondria of the liver from acetoacetyl Coenzyme A (CoA). First another acetylgroup is added from acetyl CoA to form 3-hydroxy-3-methylgluteryl CoA, and then an acetyl CoA is lost from this yielding acetoacetate. The initial acetoacetate can come from the last cycle in the beta oxidation of a fatty acid, or it can be synthesized from two acetyl CoA molecules, catalyzed by thiolase.

4. Acetoacetic esters are used for the acetoacetylation reaction, which is widely used in the production of arylide yellows and diarylide dyes. In mammals acetoacetate produced in the liver (along with the other two "ketone bodies") is released into the bloodstream as an energy source during periods of fasting, exercise etc.

Explanation / Answer

r s the compound shown below? What is involved in the synthesis of this molecule? When is this compound made? Where is it made? Why is it made? 2 OOCC-C-CH3

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