29) A chromosome has two sister chromatids, joined at the centromere. The two ch

Question

29) A chromosome has two sister chromatids, joined at the centromere. The two chromatids were formed by: a) DNA replication of a single chromatid b) Fertilization, bringing together maternal and parental chromatids. c) DNA replication during S phase and the joined together by cohesion during anaphase. d) Sliding past each other from the elongation of non-kinetochore microtubules

30) A gene located on the X chromosome encodes for an enzyme called “AWESOME.” Based on what you know about sex determination in humans, we can assume that: a) Females will produce twice as much AWESOME protein than males. b) Males will produce half as much AWESOME protein than females but this enzyme will have more enzymatic activity in males than in females. c) Females will produce the same amount of the AWESOME enzyme as males because every cell in their bodies will select the same X chromosome that will be active and the other X chromosome will become a Barr body and be inactive. d) Females will produce the same amount of the AWESOME enzyme as males because each cell will select one X chromosome at random that will be active and the other X chromosome will become a Barr body and be inactive.

31) Which of the following best describes the reason why sexual reproduction instead of asexual reproduction is common to complex multi cellular organisms? a) Because sexual reproduction generates more daughter cells. b) Because sexual reproduction reduces chromosome numbers by half. c) Because genes can be passed on with less errors in sexual reproduction. d) Because sexual reproduction allows for more gene combinations that enables them to adapt better to the environment. e) This is a trick question; all complex multi cellular organisms use asexual reproduction.

32) Which of the following correctly describes the sources of genetic variation in a population on which natural selection works upon? a) Mutation b) Random assortment of non-homologous chromosomes c) Crossing over d) Random fertilization e) All of the above.

Explanation / Answer

Q29). a) DNA replication of a single chromatid

Q30).  c) Females will produce the same amount of the AWESOME enzyme as males because every cell in their bodies will select the same X chromosome that will be active and the other X chromosome will become a Barr body and be inactive.

Q31). d) Because sexual reproduction allows for more gene combinations that enables them to adapt better to the environment.

Q32). e) All of the above.

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