Please help me figure out these critical context questions for my Human Physiolo

Question

Please help me figure out these critical context questions for my Human Physiology Course...

Question #1: Here we will try to summarize what we understand (or not understand) about the Starling forces, oncotic pressure and reflection coefficient. You can start posting if you are ready but I will also be adding more specific questions throughout the forum

Question #2: The 0.2 Osm difference between the ascending loop and the interstitial space corresponds to osmotic pressure difference of 4.5 atmospheres. Why doesn't such an enormous pressure does rip the tissue?

Question #3: What is the purpose of the special shape of vasa recta?   

Explanation / Answer

Question 1:

Starling’s hypothesis states that the fluid movement due to the effect of filtration across the capillary walls is dependent on the hydrostatic pressure gradient and the oncotic pressure gradient across the capillary.

Oncotic pressure: is a form of osmotic pressure that occurs due to proteins like albumin that tends to draw the water into the circulatory system.

Reflection coefficient: it is a measure of an osmotic gradient. If the reflection coefficient is 1, it says that the membrane is impermeable to that molecule; if the value is 0 means the membrane is highly permeable.

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