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1.)a.)The density range of the earth is approximately: 2.7 - 13 g/cm3 20 - 32 g/

ID: 637416 • Letter: 1

Question

1.)a.)The density range of the earth is approximately:

2.7 - 13 g/cm3

20 - 32 g/cm3

30 - 125 g/cm3

3.3 - 8 g/cm3

70 - 2900 g/cm3

b.) Where do pillow basalts form?

in the core

on the abyssal plain

along the mid-ocean ridge

in ocean trenches

c.) Island arcs of volcanoes, such as Japan and the Philippines, are characteristic of a:

ocean-continental convergent boundary

ocean-ocean convergent boundary

ocean-ocean divergent boundary

continental-continental divergent boundary

hot spot

d.) We have drilled into the mantle, but not into the core.

True

False

e.) What is the maximum depth of the ocean at the deepest ocean trench:

0.5 km

1 km

11 km

100 km

5 km

Explanation / Answer

a) The density range of the earth is approximately:

Ans. 2.7 - 13 g/cm3. This is the range of density of earth. Below is the breakup of this density.

            Crust – 2.2 to 2.9 g/cm3

            Upper Mantle – 3.4 to 4.4 g/cm3

            Lower Mantle – 4.4 to 5.6 g/cm3

            Outer core – 9.9 to 12.2 g/cm3

            Inner core – 12.8 to 13.1 g/cm3

b) Where do pillow basalts form?

Ans. Along the mid-ocean ridge – Mid-ocean ridges are seismically active regions in the middle of the oceanic basin. Pillow Basalts are formed when lava erupts underwater and the contact between the molten lava and the cool water results in rapid cooling of the outer skin of the lava while it is being elongated by more molten lava coming from underneath, giving it a pillow like shape.

c) Island arcs of volcanoes, such as Japan and the Philippines, are characteristic of?

Ans. ocean-ocean convergent boundary – This is where two oceanic plates collide into each other. The older one, since it is denser, subducts beneath the younger oceanic plate and melts as it is pushed deeper into the mantle. The magma, thus created, rises, erupts and forms a line of volcanoes; which is what we call island arcs.

d) We have drilled into the mantle, but not into the core.

Ans. False – we have drilled kilometres into the crust but are yet to drill into the mantle.

e) What is the maximum depth of the ocean at the deepest ocean trench?

Ans. 11 km – The deepest point in the earth’s oceans has been measured at 11 kilometres (10994 metres approx) below sea level. This point is called The Challenger Deep which is present in the Mariana Trench of the North Pacific Ocean.