1.which bacterial metabolic pathways reduce sulfur? 2.how is urease activity det
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Question
1.which bacterial metabolic pathways reduce sulfur? 2.how is urease activity detected? 3.which bacterial family do the majority of the tests in the rapid identification tray identify?1.which bacterial metabolic pathways reduce sulfur? 2.how is urease activity detected? 3.which bacterial family do the majority of the tests in the rapid identification tray identify?
1.which bacterial metabolic pathways reduce sulfur? 2.how is urease activity detected? 3.which bacterial family do the majority of the tests in the rapid identification tray identify?
Explanation / Answer
1.
Metabolism of sulfur occurs by either oxidation of reduced sulfur or reduction of sulfur. Most of the microorganisms and plants can metabolize sulfur to derive energy. Some lithotropic bacteria use sulfur as their only source of energy production. They oxidize sulfur by sulfur oxygenase and sulfite oxidase to its oxidized form “sulfate”. Hydrogen sulfide and sulfite, thiosulfates are some of the reduced forms of sulfur that are oxidized by lithotropic bacteria.
Sulfate is an electron acceptor, so many bacteria resude this oxidized form by anaerobic respiration. Sulfate is reduced to sulfite, thiosulfate and sulfide. Microorganisms do this by dissimilatory mechanism (dissimilatory sulfate reduction) by using ATP sulfurylase, APS reductase and sulfite reductase.
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