1. What is the importance of micropipettes and gel electrophoresis in genetic en

Question

1. What is the importance of micropipettes and gel electrophoresis in genetic engineering?

2. During the labs, you were often reminded to avoid contact with the pipette tips—for example, you were asked to put the pipette tip on without using your hands, to avoid setting down the micropipette, to use the ejector button to remove the tip, and to keep the tip box closed. If you were working with plasmids and bacterial cells, why would these precautions be important?

3. Study your gel electrophoresis results:

Which solution sample contained a single dye: S1, S2, or S3? How do you know?

The molecular weights for the dyes are 452.38 atomic units (au) for orange G, 669.98 au for bromophenol blue, and 538.62 au for xylene cyanole. How do these weights compare with your original conclusions about the weights of the dyes?

4. Do you think there was a difference in the amount of charge on one of the dye molecules? Explain the reasoning for your response.

please answer them all thank you

Explanation / Answer

1. Genetic engineering deals with the manipulation of DNA, insertion of DNA into a new host and many other experiments which require the measurement of solutions in microliter quantity. Normal pipettes cannot do this job, for this you need to use micropipettes which give accuracy and precision to your measurements. Micropipettes are the main sensitive instruments used for this application. Gel electrophoresis is a technique where you could visualize your DNA or RNA sample under the UV radiation. In genetic engineering, there would be a lot of steps where you digest the DNA with restriction enzymes and need to visualize the fragment size, where the gel electrophoresis would come into the picture. It is a powerful technique in the area of genetic engineering.

2. When you are working with plasmids and bacterial cells all the instruments using should be sterilized to exclude the microorganisms present in it. There are so many bacteria and other organisms present everywhere, we should take precautions not contaminate our samples with the other bacteria. All the contaminants are present in the form of aerosols, so the tips should not be handled with bare hands and it should not be touched upon any surfaces while working with it.

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