1. a. Based on your knowledge of periodic trends, provide an explanation why met
ID: 579741 • Letter: 1
Question
1. a. Based on your knowledge of periodic trends, provide an explanation why metals form cations. b. Based on your knowledge of periodic trends, provide an explanation why nonmetals form anions. 2. For the reaction shown below, please write the: a) molecular equation b) ionic equation c) net-ionic equation 2 + co Mn lag) 3. For the reaction of aqueous sulfuric acid with aqueous barium hydroxide, please write the: a) molecular equation b) ionic equation c) net-ionic equation r the reaction of aqueous sodium sulfate with aqueous strontium bromide, please write the: 4. Fo a) molecular equation b) ionic equation c) net-ionic equation or the reaction of liquid CoHis with gaseous oxygen, please write the: 5. F a) molecular equation b) ionic equation c) net-ionic equationExplanation / Answer
Q.NO.1: a)
There are various periodic trends which helps us to understand that why metals form cations:
Ionization Energy
Electronegativity
Nuclear Charge
Shielding Effect
Since we know that as we go down the group the Ionization energy decreases and on moving across the period i,e on going from left to right of the periodic table the Ionization energy increases. When the ionization energy is low it is easy to form cations i,e why the group 1 & 2 of the periodic table form cations.
In the very same way the electronegativity also goes on decreasing as we go down the group and tends to increase as we move across the period. This also helps the metals to form cations.
The nuclear charge and shielding effect is very tricky to understand : Both the nuclear charge and the schielding effect will increase as we down the period which indicates that the lesser attraction between the nucleus and the outer most elsctron which in turn faciltates the metals to form cations easily. But as we move across the period the nuclear charge increases and the schielding effect remains more or less constant. It is worthwhile to mention here that the schielding effect always outweighs the nuclear charge.
Q.No.1 b) generally nonmetals tend to attract elctrons towards themselves thereby forming anions.We can explain this by using the same ideology that as we move across the period both the ionization energy as well as electronegativity increases which means that for the group 16 &17 of the periodic table it is very difficult to form cations rather it is easy for them to form anions. Since the nuclear charge increases and is weakly shielded which inturn helps it to contract and therby helps it to attract electrons towards itself to fullfill the octet and hence form anions.
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