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1. a) Using the Nernst equation, calculate the equilibrium potential of the K+ i

ID: 3476293 • Letter: 1

Question

1. a) Using the Nernst equation, calculate the equilibrium potential of the K+ ions for the classic physiological preparation, the squid giant axon, where the concentration of K+ on the inside of the neuron is 400 mM and the concentration on the outside of the neuron is 20 mM. Make sure to round up and use negative (-) or positive (+) and the units.

b)The distribution of Na+ on the extracellular side of a neuron is 440 mM and on the inside is measured as 50 mM. Using the Nernst equation, calculate the equilibrium potential of Na+ and select the correct answer.

c) Using the Nernst equation, calculate the equilibrium potential of Cl- given an extracelullar concentration of 560 mM and an intracellular concentration of 150 mM. Make sure to use negative (-) or positive (+) and the units.

Explanation / Answer

Nernst Equation is V Eq = RT/ZF X log [ conc OUT/conc IN ]

RT/ZF value can be calculated using the following values

R = Gas constant, 8.135 J K-1 mol-1

T = temperature in K (273 + temp in oC) ,we consider room temperature 25 here, so 298K

Z = Charge of ion, which is 1 for Na+ and K+ and -1 for Cl-

F = Faraday’s constant, 9.684 x 104 C mol-1

It comes approx to 58mV which we will use for calculating the equilibrium potential for all the three ions (-58 for Chlorine, since Z is -1 for Cl).

a) For K+

V eq = 58 X log [ 20/400]

= 58 X log 0.05

= 58 X -1.301

= - 75 mV (minus 75)

b) For Na+

V eq = 58 X log [ 440/50]

= 58 X log 8.8

= 58 X 0.944

= 55 mV

c) For Cl-

V eq = - 58 X log [ 560/150]

= - 58 X log 3.73

= - 58 X 0.57

= - 33mV (minus 33)