Map Sapling Learning macmillan learning Chemical reactions occur when molecules

Question

Map Sapling Learning macmillan learning Chemical reactions occur when molecules or atoms collide so that the bonds between atoms break and new bonds form. Breaking the bonds of the reactants requires energy; whereas, bond formation releases energy Select the statements regarding energy changes during a reaction that are true. The activation energy, Ea, of the forward reaction is the difference between the energy of the products and the energy of the transition state If the heat of reaction, ?, is positive, the energy of the products is lower than the energy of the reactants and the reaction is endothermic. Reactants must collide, with proper orientation and with energy greater than or equal to the activation energy for a reaction to occur. Increasing the concentration of reactants increases the number of collisions, and the reaction goes faster. creasing the temperature decreases the kinetic energy of the reactants, and the reaction goes more slowly When the activation energy is low, the reaction rate is slow. The energy of a collision between atoms or molecules must be greater than or equal to the activation energy, Ea for bonds to be broken.

Explanation / Answer

Part 1)

C) Reactants must collide, with proper orientations and with the energy greater than or equal to the activation energy for a reaction to occur.

This statement is true. Two or more atoms with the energy greater than or equal to the activation energy and with proper orientations must collide for a reaction to happen

D) Increasing the concentration of reactants increases the number of collisions, and the reaction goes faster.

This statement is true. Increasing the concentration of reactants increases the number of collisions between reactants and makes the reaction to go faster.

E) Decreasing the temperature decreases the kinetic energy of the reactants, and the reaction goes very slowly.

This statement is true. Energy of reactants are directly proportional to the temperature. Therefore, decreasing the temperature decreases the energy of reactants and the reaction undergoes slowly

G) The energy of a collision between atoms or molecules must be greater than the activation energy to break the bonds.

This statement is true.

Part 2)

Solubility of CO2 at 20 oC = 1.778 g/L H2O

Now, let us consider the options one by one

1) 0.1326 g solute dissolved in 108.3 mL water

Concentration of CO2 = 0.1326/(108.3 x 103) = 1.224 g/L

This is less than the solubility. Therefore, the solution is not saturated.

2) 0.6609 g solute dissolved in 371.7 mL water

Concentration of CO2 = 0.6609/(371.7 x 103) = 1.778 g/L

This is equal to the solubility. Therefore, the solution is saturated.

3) 0.03114 g solute dissolved in 16.44 mL water

Concentration of CO2 = 0.03114/(16.44 x 103) = 1.894 g/L

This is more than the solubility. Therefore, the solution is supersaturated.

4) 1.997 g solute dissolved in 1092 mL water

Concentration of CO2 = 1.997/(1092 x 103) = 1.828 g/L

This is more than the solubility. Therefore, the solution is supersaturated.

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