During systole, blood enters the lungs through the pulmonary artery (PA) with a

Question

During systole, blood enters the lungs through the pulmonary artery (PA) with a parabolic velocity profile of time-varying amplitude. During diastole, blood flow in the pulmonary artery is zero. where CL indicates the centerline at r = 0 where velocity is always spatially maximal and V_CL,MAX is temporally maximal centerline velocity at peak systole at time t = T/4; T is the cardiac period; and R is the inner radius of the pulmonary artery. Throughout the cardiac period, blood exits the lungs through four parallel pulmonary veins leading to the left atrium. Total blood flow rate (vol/time) through all four pulmonary veins is constant in time and known as the cardiac output.

Explanation / Answer

http://www.zuniv.net/physiology/book/chapter15.html

Fick proposed that the cardiac output can be calculated as the oxygen uptake divided by the arteriovenous oxygen content difference:

Eq. 15-1: Q° = V°O2/(CaO2- CvO2)

Standard data for a healthy person at rest are an O2 uptake of 250 ml STPD min-1 and an O2 extraction of 50 ml STPD l-1 or 25% of CaO2.

Eq.15-2: [mean deoxy-Hb] = [Total-Hb] * (1 - SaO2) + 0.5 * (C aO2 - C vO2)/1.34.

The oxygen saturation of the arterial blood is SaO2 and [0.5 * (C aO2 - C vO2)] is 50% of the total oxygen extraction. The constant 1.34 is ml of oxygen per g haemoglobin (the normal oxygen binding capacity).

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