In the model for regulation of gene expression mediated by the RNA-induced inter

Question

In the model for regulation of gene expression mediated by the RNA-induced interfering complex (RISC), processing of both miRNA precursors into miRNAs and long double-stranded RNAs into short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) requires the Dicer ribonuclease. In both cases, cleavage by Dicer yields a(n) [_____] intermediate containing 21-23 nucleotides per strand with two-nucleotide 3 single-stranded tails. One strand of this intermediate assembles with multiple proteins to form a [_____]. In siRNA function, the [_____] hybridizes perfectly with the RISC RNA, leading to [_____] of the target. In miRNA function, the RISC forms a hybrid with the target mRNA that contains some base-pair mismatches; in this case [_____] of the target mRNA is blocked.

(1) stem-loop; Drosha; pre-miRNA; translation; cleavage

(2) RNA; pre-miRNA complex; miRNA-miRNA duplex; removal; translation

(3) DNA-RNA; pre-RISC; mRNA; hybridization; processing

(4) single-stranded; miRNA-miRNA duplex; cleaved RNA; destruction; expression

(5) double-stranded RNA; RISC; target mRNA; cleavage; translation

Explanation / Answer

(5) double-stranded RNA; RISC; target mRNA; cleavage; translation.

This paragraph explains the whole mechanism of RNA interference. It is a method of gene silencing where siRNA or miRNA base pair with the target mRNA to either cleave or inhibit their translation respectively.

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