MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or

Question

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following has dispersion forces as its only intermolecular force? A) CH4 B) C6H13NH2 C) HCI D) CH3CI E) NaCI 2) When NaCl dissolves in water, aqueous Na+ and Clions result. The force of attraction that exists between Na+ and H20 is called a(n) interaction. A) ion-ion B) London dispersion force C) dipole-dipole D) hydrogen bonding E) ion-dipole 3) The intermolecular force(s) responsible for the fact that CH4 has the lowest boiling point in the set CH4. SiH4. GeH4, SnH4 islare-- A) London dispersion forces B) hydrogen bonding C) mainly London-dispersion forces but also dipole-dipole interactions D) dipole-dipole interactions E) mainly hydrogen bonding but also dipole-dipole interactions 4) What type(s) of intermolecular forces exist between PH3 and CO32-? A) dispersion forces and ion-dipole B) dispersion forces C) dispersion forces and dipole-dipole D) dispersion forces, ion-dipole, and dipole-dipole E) dispersion forces, ion-dipole, dipole-dipole, and hydrogen bonds

Explanation / Answer

1) Dispersion forces are the predominant forces in compounds containing only carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms. The presence of hetero-atoms brings in dipole-dipole of ion-dipole forces. CH4 is the only compound containing C and H atoms and hence, dispersion forces are the major forces in (A) CH4.

2) NaCl dissolves in water to produce Na+ and Cl-ions. The water molecules are bound to these ions. Infact, the presence of these ions lead water to behave as a dipole (a molecule containing opposite charges). Hence, (E) ion-dipole interactions are the major interactions between Na+ ions and H2O molecules.

3) The only forces of interaction occurring between CH4 molecules are London dispersion forces. Hence, (A) is the correct answer.

4) PH3 is a non-polar molecule and hence, the only forces present in PH3 molecules are dispersion forces. When PH3 molecules come in contact with CO32- ions, ion-dipole forces between CO32- and PH3 molecules become operational. In the presence of CO32-, PH3 molecules also interact with each other via induced dipole interactions. Hence, (C) is the correct answer.

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