1. The energy released during the chain of electron transport molecules is used

Question

1. The energy released during the chain of electron transport molecules is used to create a(n) ____gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane for chemiosmosis.

a.oxugen

b.ADP

c. ATP

d. proton.

2. In the phospholipase C signal transduction pathway, which two second messengers are produced?

a. phospholipase C and protein kinase A

b. PIP2 andIP3

c. phospholipase C and G

d. IP3 and DAG

3. Which MAP kinase was found to be a signaling molecule for oocyte maturation in mice?

a. Mek and ERK2

b. ERK 1 and ERK 2

c. Raf 1 and Raf 2

d. Ras 1 and ERK 2

4. During signal transduction of a G protein, the first messenger binds to the receptor, and the G protein is activated, what happens next?

a. activation of protein kinase

b. activation of adenylyl cyclase

c. cellular response

d. phosphorylation of the G protein

5. What is typically the result of receptor up-regulation?

a. the concentration of hormone molecules in the blood increases.

b. the number of receptors decreases.

c. the sensitivity of a cell to a hormone decreases

d. the number of genes that code for a receptor increases.

Explanation / Answer

Ans 1 : d) proton

The energy released during the electron transport molecules is used to create proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane for chemiosmosis.

The energy released during this process is used to translocate protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane , which creates the proton gradient across the membrane.

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