Fill in the blanks in the text passages that follow so that the statements in ea

Question

Fill in the blanks in the text passages that follow so that the statements in each passage are completed to accurately compare and contrast glycolysis and Kreb's cycle.

Unlike glycolysis, which occurs in the cytosol, Kreb's cycle occurs within the ______________. In addition, unlike glycolysis which can occur in the presence or absence of oxygen, Kreb's cycle onlyoccurs in the _____________ of oxygen.

While glucose serves as the starting molecule for glycolysis, ___________ is the molecule that feeds in and turns 1 revolution of Kreb's cycle.

Glycolysis and Kreb's cycle are similar in that both 1 round of glycolysis and 1 revolution of Kreb's cycle require the in put of oxidized NAD (i.e. of NAD+). However, the two processes differ in the amount of NAD+ that must be put in - with 1 round of glycolysis requiring input of ______ molecule(s) of NAD+ and 1 revolution of Kreb's cycle requiring input of _______ molecule(s) of NAD+. The two processes differ in that only Kreb's cycle requires input of ______ molecule(s) of oxidized FAD per revolution, while glycolysis has no FAD requirement.

Glycolysis and Kreb's cycle are similar in that they each produce some ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. However, they differ in the amount produced per round of glycolysis or revolution of Kreb's cycle. In the case of glycolysis, for every 1 molecule of glucose metabolized by 1 round of glycolysis, each cell gets a gross gain of _________ molecule(s) of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. However, since each cell that engages in the process must spend ______ molecule(s) of ATP to run 1 round of glycolysis, each cell benefits from a net gain of _______ molecule(s) of ATP derived by substrate-level phosphorylation. In contrast, for every revolution of Kreb's cycle, ________ molecule(s) of ATP can be generated by substrate-level phosphorylation.

However, it is important to keep in mind that for every molecule of glucose metabolized in the presence of oxygen, 1 round of glycolysis will generate _______ molecule(s) of pyruvate which - after its conversion to acetyl CoA - will drive ________ revolution(s) of Kreb's cycle. So, while each revolution of Kreb's cycle will generate _______ molecule(s) of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation, because the cycle will turn ________ time(s) per molecule of glucose metabolized, both processes (glycolysis and Kreb's cycle) will give the cell the same net gain of ATP derived by substrate-level phosphorylation.

Explanation / Answer

Unlike glycolysis, which occurs in the cytosol, Kreb's cycle occurs within the mitochondria. In addition, unlike glycolysis which can occur in the presence or absence of oxygen, Kreb's cycle only occurs in the presence of oxygen.

While glucose serves as the starting molecule for glycolysis, pyruvic acid is the molecule that feeds in and turns 1 revolution of Kreb's cycle.

Glycolysis and Kreb's cycle are similar in that both 1 round of glycolysis and 1 revolution of Kreb's cycle require the in put of oxidized NAD (i.e. of NAD+). However, the two processes differ in the amount of NAD+ that must be put in - with 1 round of glycolysis requiring input of two molecule(s) of NAD+ and 1 revolution of Kreb's cycle requiring input of four molecule(s) of NAD+. The two processes differ in that only Kreb's cycle requires input of one molecule(s) of oxidized FAD per revolution, while glycolysis has no FAD requirement.

Glycolysis and Kreb's cycle are similar in that they each produce some ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. However, they differ in the amount produced per round of glycolysis or revolution of Kreb's cycle. In the case of glycolysis, for every 1 molecule of glucose metabolized by 1 round of glycolysis, each cell gets a gross gain of four molecule(s) of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. However, since each cell that engages in the process must spend two molecule(s) of ATP to run 1 round of glycolysis, each cell benefits from a net gain of two molecule(s) of ATP derived by substrate-level phosphorylation. In contrast, for every revolution of Kreb's cycle, one molecule(s) of ATP can be generated by substrate-level phosphorylation.

However, it is important to keep in mind that for every molecule of glucose metabolized in the presence of oxygen, 1 round of glycolysis will generate two molecule(s) of pyruvate which - after its conversion to acetyl CoA - will drive two revolution(s) of Kreb's cycle. So, while each revolution of Kreb's cycle will generate two molecule(s) of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation, because the cycle will turn two time(s) per molecule of glucose metabolized, both processes (glycolysis and Kreb's cycle) will give the cell the same net gain of ATP derived by substrate-level phosphorylation.

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