Fill in the blanks in the text passage that follows such that the passage correc

Question

Fill in the blanks in the text passage that follows such that the passage correctly details the use of the HgbA1C assessment in diabetes management.

Red blood cells (RBCs) carry molecules of _____________ whose normal function is to pick up oxygen and give off carbon dioxide in the lungs, transport and deliver the newly absorbed oxygen to the tissues that need it and pick up the waste gasses from those tissues and return it to the lungs for elimination from the body.

The RBCs in blood are made in the ____________ in response to the hormone _______________ which is secreted by the kidneys in response to low _______________ in the blood. As the precursor cells that are destined to become mature, functional RBCs are developing in the marrow, one of the things they do is extrude [or get rid of] their ____________. Since this is the subcellular organelle in which the cell's DNA is harbored, when this organelle is extruded, the DNA is extruded with it.

Because hemoglobin is a protein and DNA is required to make ______, which is required to make protein - without the DNA - the RBC can make no more new hemoglobin (or other vital proteins) once the maturing RBC loses its nucleus. This causes the RBC to have a finite lifespan of about ____________ days.

During the roughly 4 months RBCs are in circulation, when they are exposed to high levels of glucose in the blood, some of that glucose will glom onto or stick to the RBCs creating ______________ hemoglobin. When sugar sticks to the RBC is does so very strongly, forming an irreversible bond. So - once hemoglobin has been glycosylated, it stays glycosylated. If a RBC is glycosylated as soon as it enters the bloodstream it will stay that way until it is removed from the bloodstream and eliminated from the body - roughly 4 months later. The HgbA1C blood test measures what percentage of all the hemoglobin that is in circulation at the time the test is done exists as glycosylated hemoglobin. According to Mayo Clinic and other reputable sources, in normal individuals, the HgbA1c value is usually in the range of 4.5% - 6%.    Individuals whose values are in the range of 5.7% - 6.4% are considered to be __________ and those whose values score > or equal to 6.5% on two separate occasions are considered to be ______________. Importantly,as the level of glucose in the blood elevates, it is paralleled by a linear increase in the percent of HgbA1C measured. Because of the irreversibility of the binding of sugars to glucose and the specific lifespan of the RBCs in the human system, measurement of HgbA1C currently represents the best way physicians have of monitoring their diabetic patients' ____-term blood sugar control giving the physician an idea of what that control has been like over the past 2-3 _________.

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