In a recent cytogenetic study on 1021 cases of Down syndrome, 46 were the result

Question

In a recent cytogenetic study on 1021 cases of Down syndrome, 46 were the result of translocations, the most frequent of which was symbolized as t(14;21).

What does this symbol represent?

t(14;21) indicates that a translocation (t) has occurred in all chromosomes excepting those that are between 14 and 21. t(14;21) indicates that a translocation (t) has occurred in all chromosomes excepting 14 and 21. t(14;21) indicates that a translocation (t) has occurred in chromosomes 14 and 21. t(14;21) indicates that a translocation (t) has occurred between chromosomes 14 and 21.

Explanation / Answer

t(14;21) indicates that a translocation (t) has occurred between chromosomes 14 and 21.

Individuals with Down syndrome carry three copies of chromosome 21 (trisomy). During meiosis, instead of the third copy being separate, “translocation” of this copy may occur and attached to another chromosome. In Down’s syndrome, usually translocation of 14/21 chromosomes occur.

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