PLEASE HELP WITH ALL QUESTIONS! 1. What reaction is taking place when aqueous Na

Question

PLEASE HELP WITH ALL QUESTIONS!

1. What reaction is taking place when aqueous NaOH is added to a buffer so that the pH does not increase? What reaction is taking place when aqueous HCl is added to a buffer so that the pH does not decrease? Answer in full sentences and also write net ionic equations to illustrate your answers. Use the generic formulas, HA and A-

2. We know that the addition of a strong acid and of a strong base does not significantly affect the pH of a buffer. What role does tap water play? Explain fully

3. Adding NaOH and HCL solutions dropwise to a buffer solution allows to see their effects on the pH of a buffer, what can you conclude about the effectiveness of the buffer then?

Thanks for the help with all questions!!

Explanation / Answer

Ans 1 :
A buffer is made of acid and base.

So when the strong base such as NaOH is added to the buffer , the weak acid of the buffer will release its H+ ions and transforms the hydroxide ions of the base into water , due to which the pH of buffer does not increase.

The reaction is given as :

HA + OH- = H2O + A-

When strong acid such as HCl is added to the buffer , the conjugate base utilises its hydronium ion and converts it into water and weak acid of the conjugate base , due to which the pH of the buffer does not decrease.
The reaction is given as:

A- + H3O+ = H2O + HA

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