Isolation of the Essential-oil of Clove Please answer the following prefer typed

Question

Isolation of the Essential-oil of Clove

Please answer the following prefer typed answer please.

Pavia, "Terpenes and Phenylpropanoids" Essay, pp, 84-88 Procedure, given as.pdf 1. Why can't simple or fractional distillation techniques be used to isolate essential-oils from their plant sources? 2. How does steam distillation avoid decomposition of the components of the oils? 3. Name and describe the two methods of steam distillation used in the laboratory. Which method was used in this experiment? 4. What are the two phases that are collected with the distillate? 5. Steam distillation is one way to isolate essential oils from their plant sources. What are two other methods used in industry to isolate essential oils? 6. Is eugenol, the major component of the essential-oil of clove, a terpene or phenylpropanoid? Define. 7. What was the purpose of recording the density of dichloromethane (synonym: methylene chloride) in your prelab? What was the purpose of recording the solubility of eugenol in dichloromethane? Note: Since the solubility in dichloromethane isn't given in the CRC, the solubility in chloroform (chl) is substituted since chloroform has a similar structure to dichloromethane and so will also have similar properties.

Explanation / Answer

1. Simple or fractional distillation need comparatively high temperature so it can't be used to isolate essential oils from their plant source as most of the natural compounds in tarpene and phenylpropanolamine are temperature sensitive and hence may decompose.

2. Use of Steam distillation can lower the chance of decomposition as in steam distillation natural products can be distilled at lower temperature by adding water.

3. Two steam distillation include normal steam distillation and vaccum distillation.

In normal steam distillation organic products are distilled after mixing little water.

In case of vaccum Steam distillation high pressure is applied with a vaccum pump which lowers the distillation temperature even more.

4. The two phases which are collected with the distillate are organic phase and aqueous phase which can be separated easily in a separating funnel.

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