10 parts to this question. Part 1 ) Conceptual Model - Xtreme Elmo If a factory
ID: 538814 • Letter: 1
Question
10 parts to this question.
Part 1 ) Conceptual Model - Xtreme Elmo
If a factory making Xtreme Elmos has 10,000 bodies and 9000 circuit boards, only a limited number of complete products can be made If a clinic has 100 flu shots and 300 patients wanting them, someone will be doing without. In both cases it is obvious what is limiting. In chemical reactions, the only additional step to understanding which is limiting is converting the mass of a substance to the number of moles of that substance. Only moles can be compared, not masses.
How many people could receive flu shots at the clinic above? What caused that limit?
Part 2)
Conceptual Model - Xtreme Elmo
If a factory making Xtreme Elmos has 10,000 bodies and 9000 circuit boards, only a limited number of complete products can be made If a clinic has 100 flu shots and 300 patients wanting them, someone will be doing without. In both cases it is obvious what is limiting. In chemical reactions, the only additional step to understanding which is limiting is converting the mass of a substance to the number of moles of that substance. Only moles can be compared, not masses.
If Xtreme Elmo bodies weighed 1.5 lbs each and the factory buys them by the pound, how many Xtreme Elmos could they make if they had 6000 circuit boards and
Part 3)
Information – Limiting Reactants
If you could figure out the last question above, there is no reason you cannot figure out limiting reactants in chemical reactions. It is exactly the same concept just with different units. When a balanced reaction equation is written, it gives the exact relationships between the reactants and products:
1 body + 1 circuit + 2 arm units + 2 leg units + 1 mouth unit 1 Xtreme Elmo
Cu2O(s) + C(s) 2 Cu(s) + CO(g)
Equivalences can be written based on the balanced equation:
2 arm units 1 Extreme Elmo
1 mol C 2 mol Cu
Conversion factors can be written based on those equivalences:
Based on the number of each available reactant, a certain amount of product can be obtained. If one reactant is depleted before another, then that reactant limits the reaction and is termed the limiting reactant.
If the factory had 6000 lbs of Xtreme Elmo (1.5 lb) bodies and 4000 arm units how many Elmos could be made? Which would limit production?
Part 4) Information – Limiting Reactants
If you could figure out the last question above, there is no reason you cannot figure out limiting reactants in chemical reactions. It is exactly the same concept just with different units. When a balanced reaction equation is written, it gives the exact relationships between the reactants and products:
1 body + 1 circuit + 2 arm units + 2 leg units + 1 mouth unit 1 Xtreme Elmo
Cu2O(s) + C(s) 2 Cu(s) + CO(g)
Equivalences can be written based on the balanced equation:
2 arm units 1 Extreme Elmo
1 mol C 2 mol Cu
Conversion factors can be written based on those equivalences:
Based on the number of each available reactant, a certain amount of product can be obtained. If one reactant is depleted before another, then that reactant limits the reaction and is termed the limiting reactant.
What is the maximum number of moles of copper that could be produced from 16 g of carbon, using the reaction above?
Part 5) Information – Limiting Reactants
If you could figure out the last question above, there is no reason you cannot figure out limiting reactants in chemical reactions. It is exactly the same concept just with different units. When a balanced reaction equation is written, it gives the exact relationships between the reactants and products:
1 body + 1 circuit + 2 arm units + 2 leg units + 1 mouth unit 1 Xtreme Elmo
Cu2O(s) + C(s) 2 Cu(s) + CO(g)
Equivalences can be written based on the balanced equation:
2 arm units 1 Extreme Elmo
1 mol C 2 mol Cu
Conversion factors can be written based on those equivalences:
Based on the number of each available reactant, a certain amount of product can be obtained. If one reactant is depleted before another, then that reactant limits the reaction and is termed the limiting reactant.
What is the maximum number of moles of copper that could be produced from 38 g of copper (I) oxide, using the reaction above?
Part 6)
Information – Limiting Reactants
If you could figure out the last question above, there is no reason you cannot figure out limiting reactants in chemical reactions. It is exactly the same concept just with different units. When a balanced reaction equation is written, it gives the exact relationships between the reactants and products:
1 body + 1 circuit + 2 arm units + 2 leg units + 1 mouth unit 1 Xtreme Elmo
Cu2O(s) + C(s) 2 Cu(s) + CO(g)
Equivalences can be written based on the balanced equation:
2 arm units 1 Extreme Elmo
1 mol C 2 mol Cu
Conversion factors can be written based on those equivalences:
Based on the number of each available reactant, a certain amount of product can be obtained. If one reactant is depleted before another, then that reactant limits the reaction and is termed the limiting reactant.
If the factory had 6000 lbs of Xtreme Elmo (1.5 lb) bodies and 4000 arm units how many Elmos could be made? Which would limit production?
Part 7)
If 16 g of carbon and 38 g of copper (I) oxide were reacted, which would limit the reaction? Why?
Part 8)
Information – Theoretical Yield
This is not a new concept! You have already determined theoretical yields, without knowing the term. In the questions above you determined the maximum amount of products based on the available reactants. The term theoretical yield is defined to mean the maximum possible amount of product based on the limiting reactant.
Based on the information for making Xtreme Elmos, if the factory had 4500 lbs of bodies, 3000 arm units and 5000 circuit boards, and more than enough of the other components, what is the theoretical yield of Xtreme Elmos?
Part 9)
Information – Theoretical Yield
This is not a new concept! You have already determined theoretical yields, without knowing the term. In the questions above you determined the maximum amount of products based on the available reactants. The term theoretical yield is defined to mean the maximum possible amount of product based on the limiting reactant.
If the reaction of copper (I) oxide and carbon could produce 0.50 mol Cu, what would theoretical yield be in grams of copper?
Part 10)
Information – Percent Yield
Have you ever heard of a factory that didn't have some manufacturing problem that ruined some product? Have you ever heard of a medicine that cured 100% of everyone treated? Guess what? It is also rare to have a chemical reaction produce 100% of the theoretical yield of product. In all industries, there is a loss of starting materials that do not become viable products. In chemistry this is represented as the percent yield where:
So if a factory has enough parts to make 4000 Xtreme Elmos and the circuit board stuffer machine rips open 100 bodies because it is miscalibrated and only 3900 Xtreme Elmos are completed, the percentage yield of Xtreme Elmos will be:
Based on the correct answer to question 24, if the actual mass yield of copper was 30 g what was the percent yield of that reaction?
Explanation / Answer
Part 4: From the equation we see that 142 g of Cu2O combines with 12 g of C to give 126 g of Cu and 28 g of CO.
Thus 12 g of C gives 126 g of Cu or 1 g of C give 126/12 g of Cu.
Then 16 g of C gives 126 X 16/12 = 168 g of Cu.
Part 5: 142 g of Cu2O gives 126 g of Cu.
Then 38 g of Cu2O gives 126 X 38/142 = 33.72 g of Cu
33.72 g of Cu = 33.72/63 moles of Cu = 0.54 moles
Part 7: From the chemical equation we can see that 38 g of Cu2O requires 38 X 12/142 g of C
ie. 38 g of Cu2O combines with 3.21 g of C. The amount of C which remain unreacted will be 16 - 3.21 = 12.79 g.
Whereas 16 g of C requires minimum 16 X 142/12 = 189 g of Cu2O.
Thus the amount of Cu2O will limit the reaction.
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