Hi there ! It\'s well known that AZO dyes reactions are carrying at 0-5 Celsius!

Question

Hi there ! It's well known that AZO dyes reactions are carrying at 0-5 Celsius! My question is Have I mentare the temperature to be between 0 to 5 ?? I mean above 0 but under 5 ?? Not at 0 exactly !! Becouse I think at zero nothing will form or I'm wrong ?? Also, Should it be (ice bath only ) witout adding some water or with ?

Thanks
Hi there ! It's well known that AZO dyes reactions are carrying at 0-5 Celsius! My question is Have I mentare the temperature to be between 0 to 5 ?? I mean above 0 but under 5 ?? Not at 0 exactly !! Becouse I think at zero nothing will form or I'm wrong ?? Also, Should it be (ice bath only ) witout adding some water or with ?

Thanks
It's well known that AZO dyes reactions are carrying at 0-5 Celsius! My question is Have I mentare the temperature to be between 0 to 5 ?? I mean above 0 but under 5 ?? Not at 0 exactly !! Becouse I think at zero nothing will form or I'm wrong ?? Also, Should it be (ice bath only ) witout adding some water or with ?

Thanks

Explanation / Answer

The reaction of the system is crucial for azo dye formation. Diazonium salts (infact the diazonium cation) is highly sensitive to temperature and decomposes at temperatures above 5C. It is therefore, imperative that the temperature be kept below 5C.

The easiest way to keep temperatures close to 0C is by using ice. Since ice melts at 0C, we can easily control the temperature at 0-1C or 0-2C by using ice.

Presence of salt in ice will lower the melting point to below 0C. Hence, if you can use ice with salt impurity, that’s great. In that case, you will ensure that the temperature of the system is sufficiently lower than 5C so that your diazonium cation doesn’t break down.

Using a combination of water and ice can work, but do realize that water will be at higher temperature than 5C (normal tap water is at 25C approx.) and a considerable amount of ice will be required to bring down the temperature of water to 0C. Therefore, it is best to use chunks of ice or ice cubes and place the test tube in the ice bath to form the diazonium salt.

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