17a. Identify the acid & base in the reactants of the following reactions. (8 po

Question

17a. Identify the acid & base in the reactants of the following reactions. (8 points)

2 HCl (aq) + Mg(OH)2 (aq) MgCl2 (aq) + 2 H2O (l)

HClO2 (aq) + NH3 (aq) NH4+ (aq) + ClO2- (aq)

b. Which of the following solutions will generate the largest concentration of solvated protons? Explain your reasoning. (7 points)

0.5 M HCl (Strong acid)

0.5 M HF (Weak acid)

0.5 M NH3

c. When a solution of dithionite ions (S2O42-) is added to a solution of chromate (VI) ions (CrO42-), the products of the chemical reaction include soluble sulfite ions and solid chromium (III) hydroxide (Cr(OH)3), which can easily be removed from the reaction mixture. This reaction is typically used to remove toxic CrO42- from wastewater generated by factories making chrome-plated metals. How many grams of S2O42- would be needed to remove the CrO42- in 100 mL of wastewater that contains 0.00078 M CrO42-? (10 points)

4 CrO42- (aq) + 3 S2O42- (aq) + 2 H2O (l) + 8 H+ (aq) 4 Cr(OH)3 (s) + 6 SO32- (aq)

Explanation / Answer

a)

HCl is acid as it produces H+ ions & Mg(OH)2 is base as it produces OH- ions

HClO2 is acid as it produces H+ ions & NH3 is base as it accepts H+ ion

b)

HCl will generate the largest concentration of solvated protons as it is strong acid it will produce 100% H+ ions whereas HF is weak acid is dissociation is less than 100%.

NH3 is base it will not generate H+ ions

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