Which of the following correctly describes a set of homologouschromosomes? A. a

Question

Which of the following correctly describes a set of homologouschromosomes? A. a chromosome that has gone through replication to produce acopy B. a group of chromosomes that comesfrom the sameorganism C. all the chromosomes that form a karyotype D. a chromosome set that includes a maternal and paternalcopy Which of the following correctly describes a set of homologouschromosomes? A. a chromosome that has gone through replication to produce acopy B. a group of chromosomes that comesfrom the sameorganism C. all the chromosomes that form a karyotype D. a chromosome set that includes a maternal and paternalcopy

Explanation / Answer

Homologous chromosomes are chromosomes in a biologicalcell that pair (synapse) during cell division during the creationof gametes (meiosis).

Each chromosome pair contains genes for the samebiological features, such as eye color, at the same locations(loci) on the chromosome.

Each chromosome pair can contain the same allele (bothalleles for blue eyes) or different alleles (one allele for blueeyes and one allele for brown eyes) for each feature.

Homologous chromosomes are similar in length, except forsex chromosomes in several taxa, where the X chromosomeYchromosome. These chromosomes share only small regions ofhomology. is considerably larger than the

Humans have 22 pairs of homologous non-sex chromosomes(called autosomes). Each member of a pair is inherited from one oftheir two parents. In addition, female humans have a homologouspair of sex chromosomes (2 X's); males have an X and a Ychromosome.

Homologous chromosomes are two pairs of sisterchromatids that have gone through the process of crossing over andmeiosis. In this process the homologous chromosomes cross over (notthe sister chromatids) each other and exchange genetic information.This causes each final cell of meiosis to have genetic informationfrom both parents, a mechanism for genetic variation. Thehomologous chromosomes are similar in length.

link title== Other terms == Homologous chromosomes arenot to be confused with sister chromatids, the identicalchromosomes that are separated during mitosis or meiosisII.

Homology of chromosomes is different from homologyof genetic sequences, and predates that use of the termhomology. An exception arises with allopolyploidy wherechromosomes pair up by age, so sequence similarity is used todetermine the original chromosomal sets.

Homologous chromosomes are also very similar to, andoften confused with the term synteny (or gene homology)—whichrefers to genes located on the same section of chromosome betweenindividuals of the same or different species.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse W
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.