V. A patient came into the office suffering from flu like symptoms, accompanied
ID: 50466 • Letter: V
Question
V. A patient came into the office suffering from flu like symptoms, accompanied by Fever, Abdominal pain, Back pain, Chills, Excessive sweating, Fatigue with joints pain. The fever has been an up and down fever. The patient said he had visited a farm a week ago and had drunk milk. He did not know if the milk or the yoghurt he had caused this.
1. What infection does he have? Name the causative agent.
2. How did he become infected with this microbe? Explain the pathogenesis of this disease.
3. Name another agent that also causes infection in pasteurized dairy products? What are the virulence factors for this pathogen? How would you treat it based on that?
4. What are the virulence factors for the pathogen? How would you treat it based on that? Why is it considered as a food borne illness yet there are no symptoms that indicating it is?
5. The patient does not have diarrhea, however how would the type of diarrhea assist in the identification of the disease a patient may have. Give at least 3 examples stating the agent its disease, type of diarrhea, virulence factors and treatment.
Explanation / Answer
Based on the information given for case study the answers are as follows:
1. The patient has Brucellosis. The causative agent is Brucella species which are non motile, non-spore forming bacteria.
2. The patient became infected with this microbe because the milk which he drank in the farm came from an infected animal.
Pathogenesis: Brucella infection is caused in steps. This bacterial species mainly invades epithelial cells of the host which allows for infection through mucosal surfaces. After invasion in the body of host through route having mucosal surface such as the digestive or respiratory tract, the species has the ability to survive intracellularly within non-phagocytic or phagocytic host cells. Once inside this species is capable of interfering with intracellular trafficking thus preventing fusion of BCV with lysosome markers. This prevention directs the vacuole to rough ER where intracellular replication of Brucella takes place.
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