Draw and name (IUPAC) all the alkyl groups with molecular formula C_5H_11 Answer

Question

Draw and name (IUPAC) all the alkyl groups with molecular formula C_5H_11 Answer the following questions based on the given structure. How many primary carbons are present in the molecule? ___ How many secondary hydrogens are present? ___ How many tertiary hydrogens are present? ___ How many quaternary carbons are present? ___ Name all functional groups in this compound ___ What is the hybridization of C in C = O? ___ What is the hybridization of C in C = C? ___ How many sp^2 atoms are present in this compound? ___ How many sp^3 atoms are present in this compound? ___ How many pi bonds are present in the compound? ___

Explanation / Answer

2.There are eight different pentyl groups (-C5H11), but only four of these have IUPAC names. Each of these alkyl groups is pictured below, along with its IUPAC name.

i) Longest chain has 5-C atoms, so its IUPAC name is n-pentyl

CH3- CH2-Ch2-CH2-CH2---                             n-pentyl

ii) The longest chain is 3 carbon atoms. So, the root name of alkyl group is propyl. Two methyl groups

are substituted at C-1atom,so the prefix 1,1-dimethyl.Thus the IUAPC name of the alkyl group is 1,1-dimethylpropyl

H3CCH2(H3C)2C         IUAPC name is 1,1-dimethylpropyl

iii)

The longest chain is 4 carbon atoms. So, the root name of alkyl group is butyl. One methyl group is substituted at C-4atom, so the prefix 4-methyl.Thus the IUAPC name of the alkyl group is 4-methylbutyl

(H3C)2-CHCH2CH2--- IUAPC name is               4-methylbutyl

iv)

  The longest chain is 2 carbon atoms. So, the root name of alkyl group is ethyl. Three methyl groups

are substituted at C-2atom,so the prefix 2,2,2-trimethyl.Thus the IUAPC name of the alkyl group is 2,2,2-trimethylethyl

(H3C)3-CCH2- IUAPC name is 2,2,2-trimethylethyl

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