Answer the following questions: What are the four common colligative properties?

Question

Answer the following questions: What are the four common colligative properties? Why we need to do road salting in a snowy and icy day? What is molality or how to define molality? Which one will change when T changes, molality or molarity? What is used to separate the two-part system for osmotic pressure study? In nonideal two-component liquid solutions, the composition of the liquid and the composition of the vapor in equilibrium with the liquid can have the exact same mole fraction. What is called for the "pure component" having this composition? Estimate the freezing point and boiling point of seawater, which you can approximate as equivalent to a 1.08-molal solution of NaCl. Calculate K_f and K_b for H_2O, and use delta_ H[H_2O] = 6.009 kJ/mol and delta_vap H[H_2O] = 40.66 kJ/mol.

Explanation / Answer

Ans 3 a) colligative properties are the properties of solution which depends upon number of solute particles and not upon its nature.The four common colligative properties are

1) Relative lowering of vapour pressure

2) Elevation of boiling point

3) Depression in freezing point

4)Osmotic pressure.

Ans 3 b) Salting in roads lowers the freezing point of the water that forms ice which leads to melting and prevents falling snow from being able to freeze.

Ans3 c)Molality :- The number of moles of solute dissolved per kg of solvent

Ans 3 d)Molarity depends on temperature because it is related with volume which is affected by temperature. Therefore Molarity will change when temperature will change.

Ans 3 e) The minimum pressure required to stop the process of flow of liquid from lower concentration to higher concentration through a semi permeable membrane is called osmotic pressure. Therefore a semipermeable membrane is used to separate the two system in osmotic pressure study.

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